96 ZYGOMTCETES. 



Sub-Class 2. Basidiomycetes. 



Series 1. Protobasidiomycetes. Partly gymnocarpic, partly 



angiocarpic. 



Series 2. Autobasidiomycetes. 

 Family 1. DACRYOMYCETES. Gymnocarpic. 

 Family 2. HYIIENOJIYCETES. Piirtly gymuocarpic, partly hemi- 



angioca'pic. 



Family 3. PHALLOIDE^E. Herniangiocarpic. 

 Family 4. GASTEROMYCETES. Angiocarpic. 

 Additional : BASIDIOLICHENES. Licben-foruiiug Basidiomycetes. 

 Additional to the Fungi : FUNGI IMPERFECTI. Incompletely known 

 (Saccharomyees, Oidium-loims, etc.). 



Class 1. Phycomycetes (Algal-Fungi). 1 



This group resembles Vaucher.ia and the other Siphoneae among 

 the Algre. 



ORGANS OF NUTRITION. The mycelium is formed of a single cell, 

 often thread-like and abundantly branched (Fig. 78). Vegetative 

 propagation by chlamydospores and oidia. Asexual reproduction 

 by endospores (sometimes sicarmspores) and conidia. Sexual re- 

 production by conjugation of two hypha? as in the Conjugates, or 

 by fertilisation of an egg-cell in an oogonium. On this account 

 the class of the Phycomycetes is divided into two sub-classes : 



ZVGOMYCETES and OOIIYCETES. 



Sub-Class I. Zygomycetes. 



Sexual reproduction takes place by zygospores, which function 

 as resting-spores, and arise in consequence of conjugation (Fig. 81); 

 in the majority of species these are rarely found, and only under 

 special conditions. The most common method of reproduction is by 

 endospores, by acrogenous conidia, by chlamydospores, or by oidia. 

 Swarmspores are wanting. Parasites and saprophytes (order 6 and 7). 

 The zygospores are generally produced when the formation of 

 sporangia has ceased; e.g. by the suppression of the sporangial- 

 hyphre (Mucor wucedo), or by the diminution of oxygen; Pilobolus 

 crystaliinus forms zygospores, when the sporangia are infected 

 with saprophytic Piptocepltalis or Pleotraclielus. 



A. Asexual reproduction only by sporangia. 



Order 1. Mucoraceae. The spherical sporangia contain many 

 spores. The zygospore is formed between two unicellular branches 

 (gametes). 



1 Also termed Water-Fungi (Wasserpilzeii). 



