300 



MONOCOTYLEDONS. 



ments ; flowers ^ or polygamous, rarely dioecious, with 3 separate 

 or only slightly united carpels, all of which are sometimes 

 developed into fruits (berry or drupe, with thin stone). 

 Chamcej-ops, the Dwarf-palm. The pericarp is externally fleshy, 

 internally more fibrous, and provided with a membranous inner 

 layer. The endosperm is ruminate (that is, the testa is several 

 times deeply folded into the endosperm). /S'aia/, Copernicia, 

 Liristona (Fig. 298), Thriita.v, Corypha, Braliea, and others. 



FIG. 299. .-1 Longitudinal section of a Cocoanut (diminished), the inner layer only (the 

 stone) not being divided .B End view of the stone, showing the sutures for the 3 carpels 

 (a), and the 3 germ-pores ; the embryo emerges from the lowest one when germination 

 begins. C Germinating; inside the stone is seen the hollow endosperm and the enlargir.^ 

 cotj ledon. 



3. COCOLNEJS. With pinnate leaves. Monoecious inflorescence. 

 The carpels are united into a 3-locular ovary. The fruit is most 

 frequently 1-locular, only 1 of the loculi becoming developed, 

 rarely 3-locular ; it is a drupe with a large, fibrous, external layer 

 (mesocarp) and most frequently a very hard inner layer (endocarp, 

 stone) which has 3 germ-pores, the 2 of these, however, which 

 correspond to the suppressed loculi are closed; internal to the 

 third lies the small embryo (Fig. 299). Endosperm containing 



