362 



D1COTYLEDONES. 



inflorescences which, are crowded to one side by the development 

 of the highest lateral bud, so that they are situated opposite tho* 

 leaves (Fig. 357). Many species have stems with an abnormal 

 anatomical structure. Peperotnia ; chiefly succulent herbs, often 

 epiphytes, with opposite or verticillate leaves having aqueous 

 tissue on the upper side. 



The group Saururea (considered by some as an order, and perhaps representing 

 a more original type) has 3-4 carpels with many ovules. Lactoris stands the 

 highest with regular 3-merous perianth, 3 + 3 stamens and 3 carpels, which are 



FIG. 357.- Piper nigrum : branch with fruit (\). 



united at the base. Fruit a capsule with several seeds. (It has one species 

 from the island of Juan Fernandez, and is also placed in an order of its own, 

 Lactoridaceas, allied to the Magnoliaceas, through Drimys). Sanrurus has naked 

 flowers ; most frequently 6 stamens, and 4 carpels, free or united at the base, 

 each with 2-4 orthotropous ovules. Fruit, small berries. Houttuyniu ; stamens 

 situated a little upward on the ovaries ; placentation parietal ; capsule many- 

 seeded. 



About 1,000 species ; entirely tropical, especially from South America and East 

 India. They are found chiefly among the underwood in damp, shady places ; 

 some, which are fleshy (Peperontia), live as epiphytes on trees; a few climb by 



