40-i 



DICOTTLEDONES. 



[The systematic division of this order given above is founded upon that of 

 A. P. de Candolle. Prantl (En pier and Prantl, Nat. Fain.), 1891, adopts a some- 

 what different system, which may briefly be summarised as follows : 



A. Hairs uubranched or absent; no glandular hairs. 



1. TIIELYPODIE.E. Stigma equally developed on all sides ; style undivided 



or prolonged above the middle of the carpels, or turned back. 

 Stanleyiiice ; Heliophilinee. 



2. SINAPE^E. Stigrua strongly developed above the placenta ; style beaked 



or two-lobed. 



a. Cotyledons arising behind the bend of the embryo. Lepidiince. 

 I. Cotyledons arising at the bend of the embryo. 



a. Only lateral nectaries. Generally a silicula or iudehiscent 



fruit. Coclileariinif. 



13. Generally a siliqua, more rarely a silicula or transversely- 

 divided or indehiscent fruit. Nectaries generally lateral and 

 median. Alliariimc ; Sixymbriinic ; Velllmc; Brusslcince ; 

 Cardaminiiiie. 



11. Hairs collectively or partially branched, very rarely entirely absent ; 

 glandular hairs are sometimes also present. 



1. SCHIZOPETALE.E. 



2. HESPEBIDE^. Stigma strongly developed above the placenta ; style un- 



divided or prolonged above the placentae into shorter or longer lobes. 

 a. Surface cells of the replum, not divided diagonally. CapselUnte ; 



Tarritlnce; EryximiiiiC ; Alysxhuc. 

 1>. Surface cells of the replum divided diagonally. Malcolmiinee ; 



Helper idirtcc ; Moricaiidiiiue.] 



POLLINATION. Honey is secreted by the nectaries mentioned above; but the 

 position of the stamens is not always the most fa< curable for pollination by 



insects (in these flowers the honey-seeking 

 insect must touch tl;e anthers with one of its 

 sides and the stigma with the other), and 

 self-fertilisation is common. In some species 

 (Cardamine praiensis] the long stamens turn 

 their anthers outwards towards the small 

 stamens, so that 3 anthers surround each of 

 the two large entrances to the nectaries. 



1'200 species (180 genera), especially in 

 the cold and temperate parts of the Old 

 'World (Europe, W. Asia). Many are weeds 

 in this country, e.g. Wild Cabbage (Urtuxii n 

 cnmpesiris), Charlock (Sinajiis <irrenni.it), Wild 

 Eadish (RapJiamis rapJianiiitrum) and others. 

 The order is acrid and oleaginous. Oil is 

 obtained from many of the oil-containing 

 seeds, especially of the Rape (Brassica napus), 

 Summer-Bape (the oil-yielding cultivated form 

 of the Field-Cabbage) and Camelina. Several 

 are pot-herbs or fodder plants, e.g. Cabbage 





U2. 413. 



FIG. 412. Isntis tiiirlnrin. Fruit 

 (Kitr. 412) ; and in longitudinal sec- 

 tion Fig. 413). (Mag.) 



