534 



D1COTYLEDONES. 



emarginate ligules ; the stamens have a horn-like appendage, pro- 

 jecting upwards from the back of the filament. The fruitlets are 

 hollow below. Anchusa (Alkanet, Fig. 572). The corolla is 

 salver-shaped; the ligules small, hairy protuberances. A. (Ly- 

 cnpsis) arvensis has an S-curved corolla-tube. Myosotis (Forget- 

 me-not, Fig. 573) ; rotate corolla with small (yellow) protuber- 

 ances in the throat; scorpioid cyme without floral-leaves ; fruitlets 



FIG. 572. Ancliusa offic 'mails : A diagram; the bracteole a is suppressed (dotted); ft 

 supports a flovrer. B, C Myosotis, the fruit, entire and with the calyx in longitudinal 

 section. I), F Alkanna tinctoria: D the corolla opened (^) ; e the ligule ; /, g the anthers; 

 E gynoeceum (f); F fruit, with three fruitlets; i an aborted loculus ; U disc. 



flat. Omphalodes ; fruitlets hollow at the back, with a scarious, 

 turned-in, toothed edge. Asperugo (Mad- wort) ; the calyx grows 

 after flowering, becoming large, compressed, and deeply bifid. 



CROSS-POLLINATION is most commonly effected by insects (especially bees). 

 There are a great many contrivances for pollination; some flowers are protan- 

 Aious(Echium rulgare, Borago officin.}, others are heterostylous (long- nnd short- 

 styled : Pulmonaria offlcin.) ; the corona (ligules) is a protection against rain, 

 and excludes certain insects. Some are barren when self-pollinated (Pulmonaria 



