540 



DICOTYLEDONES. 



in the axils of the rather large and distinctly 4-ro\ved (often 

 slightly coloured) floral-leaves. Melissa. Calamintha. Clinopo- 

 dium (Wild Basil). Sahireia. Hyssopus (Hyssop) ; small, entire 

 leaves ; the verticillasters are situated unilaterally in a slender, 

 spike-like inflorescence. Lavandula (Lavender) ; shrubs with 

 verticillasters collected in cylindrical, long-stalked inflorescences ; 

 the calyx is tubular, has 13-15 nerves, the posterior tooth is much 

 larger than the others. Stamens and style do not project. Coleus 

 differs, among other characters, in having united filaments ; the stamens and 

 style are bent down and concealed in the boat-shaped under lip. 



FIG. 579. Salvia officinalis. 



5. MONARDE^:, SALVIA GROUP. Only the 2 anterior stamens are 

 developed. Salvia (Fig. 579); calyx deeply bilabiate; the upper 

 lip of the corolla is generally strongly compressed. Rudiments of 

 the two lateral stamens are present. The connective in the two 

 fertile stamens is long and filamentous, and bears at the upper 

 end a normal half-anther, but at the lower one a barren, often 

 broader portion, against which the insect is obliged to push its 

 proboscis during its visits to the flowers, causing the pollen- 

 bearing half-anther to be pressed down against its back. Floral- 

 leaves often coloured. Rosmarinus (Rosemary) ; a shrub with 

 leathery linear leaves, with rolled back edge. A small tooth on 

 the filament represents the barren half of the anther. Monarda. 



The POLLINATION is generally effected by insects, especially bees ; the under- 

 lip is the landing-stage and the pollen is deposited on their backs. Cross-fertilisa- 

 tion is promoted by dichogamy ; honey is secreted by an hypogyuous disc and 

 collected in the corolla-tube. Some genera are homogamous (Lamium, Gale- 

 opsis, etc.) ; others are dichogamous (protaudrous) ; a few are gynodicecious : 



