CAMPANULIN>E. 



563 





turned anteriorly (Fig. 602) (a position which is found to occur 

 within the Campanulacea?). A twisting of the peduncle takes 

 place even before flowering (as in the Orchids) so that the ordin- 

 ary position of the 5-merous Dicotyledons appears to be restored. 

 The zygomorphy of the flower is especially present in the corolla, 

 which has a bipartite under-lip and a tripartite upper-lip, and is, 

 in Lobelia, anteriorly (apparently posteriorly) deeply cleft (Fig. 602). 

 There is 1 style, but the stigma is capitate and bilobecl and sur- 

 rounded at its base by a whorl of hairs, which assists in pollination 

 (as a stylar-brush) in the same manner as the sweeping-hairs in the 

 Campanulacere and Composite. There is no terminal flower in the 

 spicate, or racemose inflorescences. Lobelia has a capsule, several 

 Others have berries. Isotoma (regular flower) ; He.terotoma has a spur ; 



FIG. 602. Diagram of Lobelia. 

 fulgens. 



603. 603. 



FIGS. G03, 601. Lobelia sypliilitica. 



FIG. 003. Flower (-). FIG. 604. Longitudinal section 

 of the same. 



Siphacampylos ; Lysipoma (pyxidium) ; Clintonia (1-locular fruit). Metzlcria 

 (all the petals are free). 



Entomophilous and protandrous. About 500 species, especially in the 

 Tropics; in this country, L. dort manna (margin of lakes). Several are culti- 

 vated in gardens and conservatories as ornamental plants (Lobelia bicolor, 

 erinits, fulfjens, etc., Siphocampylos, Centropogon). The latex of several species 

 of Tupu is poisonous ; caoutchouc is also obtained from them. OFFICINAL : 

 " herba Lobelia" (the alkaloid lobeline) from the poisonous L, in flat a (N. 

 Am.). 



Order 4. Goodeniaceae. Chiefly Australian (200 species), closely related to 

 Orders 3 and 5, but without latex. The style is provided with a " collecting- 

 cup " which receives the pollen before the flower opens ; it has a small, hairy 

 aperture through which the pollen is forced out by the stigmas, and through 

 which they emerge when the pollen is shed ; it is sensitive and exhibits move- 



