464 



INDEX 



448; from Linnaeus to Darwin, 

 138-140 



Biology, defined, 4; domain of, 4, 5; 

 epochs of, 20; progress of, 3, 5; 

 applied, 443 



Boerhaave, quoted, 71, 72; and 

 Linnaeus, 122 



Bois-Reymond, Du, 189; portrait, 

 189 



Bones, fossil, 322, 324 



Bonnet, and emboitement, 208; op- 

 position to Wolff, 21 1 ; portrait, 

 212 



Books, the notable, of biology, 435 



Brown, Robert, discovers the nu- 

 cleus in plant-cells, 243 



Buckland, 324 



Buckle, on Bichat, 166, 167 



Buffon, 129,411; portrait, 412; po- 

 sition in evolution, 412 



Caesalpinus, on the circulation, 50 

 Cajal, Ramon y, 176; portrait, 176 

 Camper, anatomical work of, 143; 



portrait, 144 

 Carpenter, quoted, 170 

 Carpi, the anatomist, 26 

 Castle, experiments on inheritance, 



^ 



Catastrophism, theory of, Cuvier, 



^326; Lyell on, 331 



Caulkins, on protozoa, 109 



Cell, definition of, 258; diagram of, 

 257; earliest known pictures of, 

 238, 239; in heredity, 257 



Cell-lineage, 234, 442 



Cell-theory, announcement of, 242; 

 effect on embryology, 222, 224; 

 founded by Schleiden and 

 Schwann, 242; Schleiden's con- 

 tribution, 247; Schwann's trea- 

 tise, 248; modifications of, 250; 

 vague foreshadowings of, 237 



Child, studies on regulation, 440 



Chromosomes, 254, 312 



Circulation of the blood, Harvey, 

 46, 47; Servetus, 50; Columbus, 

 50; Caesalpinus, 50; in the capil- 

 laries, 84, Leeuwenhoek's sketch 

 of, 83; Vesalius on, with illustra- 

 tion, 49 



Classification of animals, tabular 

 view of, 137-138 



Cohn, portrait, 271 



Color, in evolution, 386 



Columbus, on the circulation, 50 



Comparative anatomy, rise of, 141- 

 165; becomes experimental, 165 



Cope, in comparative anatomy, 165; 

 portrait, 336; important work in 

 pala-ontology, 337, 437 



Creation, Aquinas on, 409; St. 

 Augustine on, 408; special, 410; 

 evolution the method of, 348 



Cuvier, birth and early education, 

 149; and catastrophism, 326; 

 comprehensiveness of mind, 154; 

 correlation of parts, 133; debate 

 with St. Hilaire, 416; domestic 

 life, 155; forerunners of, 143; 

 founds comparative anatomy, 154; 

 founder of vertebrate palaeontol- 

 ogy, 325 ; his four branches of the 

 animal kingdom, 132; goes to 

 Paris, 151; life at the seashore, 

 150; opposition to Lamarck, 414; 

 portraits, 152, 153; physiognomy, 

 152; and the rise of comparative 

 anatomy, 141-156; shortcomings 

 of, 156; successors of, 156; type- 

 theory of, 133 



D 



Darwin, Charles, his account of the 

 way his theory arose, 427; factors 

 of evolution, 380; habits of work, 

 426; home life, 423; at Downs, 

 426; ill health, 426; naturalist on 

 the Beagle, 425; natural selection, 

 383 ; opens note-book on the origin 

 of species, 426; personality, 422; 

 portraits, 381, 423; parallelism in 

 thought with Wallace, 427; pub- 

 lication of the Origin of Species, 

 429; his other works, 391, 429; 

 theory of pangenesis, 306; varia- 

 tion in nature, 382; the original 

 drafts of his theory sent by 

 Hooker and Lyell to the Linnaean 

 Society, 420-422; working hours, 

 426; summary of his theory, 405 



Darwin, Erasmus, 413; portrait, 



4i3. 



Darwinism and Lamarckism con- 

 fused, 391; not the same as or- 

 ganic evolution, 347 

 Davenport, experiments, 319 

 Deluge, and the deposit of fossils, 



3 2 3 



