SOME METHODS FOR LOWER ANIMALS. 471 



Spirographis, Protula, by putting them for half an hour into 

 1 per cent, chromic acid. I have satisfied myself that good 

 show specimens can be obtained in this way ; but I doubt 

 the histological preservation of the parts being so good as 

 with sublimate specimens. Some of the sedentaria may be 

 got protruded from their tubes by leaving them for some 

 hours in O'l per cent, chloral hydrate in sea water (S. Lo 

 BIANCO). 



See also 12 (lemon juice), and the methods 18 to 24, 

 43, and 53. 



RIEVEL (Zeit. iL-iss. Zool., Ixii, 1896, p. 292) fixes Ophryo- 

 trocha in extension in hot liquid of Lang ( 67), five to eight 

 minutes, and Lumbricus in hot alcoholic sublimate or hot 

 picro- sulphuric acid, ten to fifteen minutes. 



For EISIG'S methods for Capitellidas see Fauna u. Flora Golf. 

 Neapel, xvi, 1887, p. 295, or Grundzuge, p. 394. 



847. Staining. For the staining of small Annelids entire I 

 find carmalum gives very good results, I think better than 

 borax-carmine or paracarmine. 



848. Blood-vessels of Annelids (KUKENTHAL, Zeit. f. iciss. 

 Mik., 1886, p. 61). The animals should be laid open and put 

 for two or three hours into aqua regia (4 parts of nitric acid 

 to 2 of hydrochloric acid). The ramifications of the vessels 

 will then be found to be stained black, the rest of the pre- 

 paration yellow. 



849. Nerves of Annelids. The methylen blue method and 

 the bichromate of silver method of Golgi (the rapid method). 

 For the latter see v. LENHOSSEK (Arch. f. mik. Anat., xxxix, 

 p. 102; Zeit.f. ii'iss. Mik., ix, 3, 1893, p. 432). 



See also M. LEWIS, Anat. Anz., xii, 1896, p. 292 ; and the 

 methods of APATHY, 358, 707. 



850. Cleansing Intestine of Lunibricus (KUKENTHAL, Journ. 

 Roy. Mic. Soc., 1888, p. 1044). Put the animals into a tall 

 glass vessel which has been filled up with bits of moistened 

 blotting-paper. They gradually evacuate the earthy particles 

 from the gut, and fill it instead with paper. 



