2. POLEMICAL PART 



The theory of so-called psycho -physical parallelism 

 negates what we believe we have proved. It asserts that 

 as in any and every natural phenomenon so in man's 

 actions also there is an unbroken series of bodily, of 

 physico-chemical causality ; that there is no non-bodily 

 part of events filling the gap between two bodily parts ; 

 that mechanical causality runs throughout the brain as 

 a bodily, i.e. material system. 



a. THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF THE VARIOUS CURRENT FORMS 

 OF PSYCHO-PHYSICAL PARALLELISM 



Parallelism has assumed two chief forms, one of them 

 decidedly realistic and metaphysical, the other pseudo- 

 idealistic. 



Metaphysical Parallelism already Refuted 



The first form goes back to Spinoza. One unknowable 

 reality manifests itself in two unbroken independent but 

 parallel series of events, the psychical and the physical 

 series. Both of them are complete in themselves, there 

 is no interaction between them. It affects the complete- 

 ness of the psychical side, though not the unbrokenness 



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