THE DIRECT JUSTIFICATION OF ENTELECHY 313 



" Finality " a subclass of Individuality 



The categorical concept of causality, at first awaked in 

 the form of the faculty of pushing and pulling, needs a 

 great deal of refining, so to say, in order to become useful 

 for natural science ; in the end pushing and pulling appear 

 only as s?6&classes of causality. So it must be with the 

 category of individuality : it needs sifting scientifically, 

 anthropomorphisms must be eliminated, and at the end of 

 this process the special kind of " constructivity " known to 

 myself by introspection will only appear as a s?/6class, as 

 in causality. This subclass of constructive individuality, 

 apparent in my acting, alone deserves the names of finality 

 in the proper sense, or purposefulness or teleology : here 

 alone is the "finis" consciously anticipated in a clear and 

 distinct manner, and here alone does it account for the 

 special type of each single phase of what the " individual ' 

 factor performs. In a certain sense we even might apply 

 the name of finality to each single performance of such a 

 totality of occurrences as acting is. 1 You will remember in 

 this connexion that with regard to morphogenetic entelechy 

 it was only by descriptive analogy that we applied the 

 words " willing," " judging," and " knowing." 



1 Bergson (IS Evolution creatrice) denies "finalisme radical," the term 

 being understood, as far as I can see, in the sense of a general plan of the 

 universe in every detail. At the end of this book we shall do the same. 

 But Bergson also objects to "finalite" as a principle of life; he puts his 

 "dlan vital" in its place granting that it resembles "finalism" more than 

 mechanism. I think that our "individuality" meets the point but I 

 consider it as a category and believe that Bergson also found nothing but a 

 new category by his "intuition." Individuality, in fact, rests upon a sort 

 of "intuition" as far as all categories rest upon it. Bergson only analyses 

 phylogeny ; in ontogeny le tout est donne and yet there is "vitalism." 

 Compare my article on Bergson in Zeitschr. f. d. Ausbau d. Entw.-Iehre, 

 ii. 1908. 



