ORGANIC MOVEMENTS 99 



grammata may be compared iii some way, as already said 

 on another occasion, with the elastic after-effect or even 

 with the faculty of a phonograph, but the faculty of 

 rearranging, nay, even the faculty of " association " by 

 identity and contrast, has no relationship with any per- 

 formance of any combination of physico-chemical agents 

 whatever. 1 



By a psychological analogy we shall understand still 

 more easily and more fully what happens. It is the 

 difference between association and apperception we are 

 thinking of, or the difference between idea and judgment. 

 The ideas come as they like, but I judge about their being 

 right or wrong in each case. The first has real cerebral 

 processes as its starting-point, the second has not; it 

 has been shown in our third proof of vitalism that the 

 second cannot be a mechanical process of any sort. To' 

 summarise the most important points of this proof: the 

 " historical basis of reacting 5: might be understood 

 mechanically, if this basis revealed itself as it does in 

 the phonograph ; but it reveals itself by free combination 

 of its elements. Therefore a factor that is by no means 

 like anything inorganic in any sense is concerned in 



course these "schemata" are acquired, as far as action comes into account. 

 They only can be means for acting and are in no sense whatever the acting 

 or reacting factor itself. (See Zeitschr. f. Biol. 50, 1907.) It must be 

 mentioned that von Uexkuell himself regards his "schemata" simply as 



1 Our argument burdens the brain with a certain, though limited, role to 

 be played in relation to "memory." 



Bergson would not even go so far: to him "souvenir pur" has no 

 relation whatever to matter, except so far as "perceptions purs" come 

 into account. See his excellent analysis of "attention" and "recon- 

 naissance." Association (except in sleep) is a very active process, according 

 to him (see Matiere ei Mdmoire, Paris, 1896 ; compare also page 66, 

 note 1). 



