218 A HISTORY OF RECENT CRUSTACEA 



whereas the secondary is dilated and longitudinally hollowed 

 so that its companion can be sheltered within it when not 

 in use, but at other times the two pairs of flagella together 

 form the efferent branchial tube, which is continued back- 

 wards by the peduncles of the first and the scales of the 

 second antennae, these making a broad channel between 

 the bases of the peduncles of the second antennas, where 

 it is closed in below by the inandibular ' palp,' and diverges 

 on each side of the upper lip into the passages from the 

 branchial chambers. The generic and specific names alike 

 signify ' a creature with channel- or pipe-forming antennas.' 



Pleoticus, Spence Bate, 1888, also has the flagella of 

 the first antennas longer than the carapace, but without 

 the grooved arrangement. Its second antennas claim 

 notice as having the flagellum ' three times the length of 

 the animal, or more.' 



Sicyonia, Milne-Edwards, 1830, has its species, two of 

 which occur in the Mediterranean, distinguished for the 

 rigidity of the integument. The flagella of the first 

 antennas are very short ; there are no exopods to the 

 trunk-legs as there are in Penceus, and the pleopods are 

 all single-branched. From Penceus it differs in the struc- 

 ture and arrangement of the branchiae, though agreeing 

 with it apparently in the absence of podobranchias. In 

 defining the genus Spence Bate says that the second 

 maxillipeds carry ' a mastigobranchial plate without a 

 podobranchia,' ' one arthrobranchial and one pleurobran- 

 chial plume.' On the next page, after giving a scheme of 

 the branchias of Sicyonia which includes six pleurobranchias 

 and no podobranchias, he states that it differs from Penceus 

 ' in the absence of any traces of pleurobranchias, in the 

 reduction of the arthrobranchial plumes, and in the pre- 

 sence of one podobranchial plume attached to the first 

 pair of gnathopoda' [i.e. second maxillipeds]. Presently 

 after, in the description of Sicyonia carinata (Olivier), he 

 says of these same second maxillipeds that the first joint 

 ' carries a long and slender mastigobranchia shaped like 

 that in Penceus, and, as in that genus, there is no bran- 

 chial plume attached to it.' Thus there both is and is not 



