154 A HISTORY OF RECENT CRUSTACEA 



Haan, portrayed in the adjoining Plate, is called by the 

 Japanese Aka-oni-gani, which according to de Haan means 

 the red crab of the devil. Lithodes Agassizii, Smith, has 

 been taken in the Atlantic from depths of a thousand and 

 twelve hundred and fifty fathoms. Lithodes Mwrayi, Hen- 

 derson, was obtained in the Southern Ocean from three 

 hundred and ten fathoms depth. 



Cryptolithodes, Brandt, 1849, with its species Onjpto- 

 lithodes iypicus, Brandt, from California, is especially dis- 

 tinguished by the great development of the carapace, 

 which completely hides the legs, antennae, and pleon, and 

 these when viewed from below appear to be placed in the 

 bottom of a cup-like cavity. According to Stirnpsou, this 

 development of the carapace is unequalled in any even of 

 the higher decapods, not excepting Cryptopodia and CEthra, 

 and this is the only instance in which the carapace con- 

 ceals all the feet. 



Echidnocerus, White, 1848, contains one or two mas- 

 sive species from the West Coast of America, the carapace 

 in Echidnocerus setimdnus (Gibbons) sometimes measuring 

 ten inches in length and as many in width, and by a 

 weight of over seven pounds exceeding that of the cara- 

 pace even of the giant Macrocheira of Japan. 



Lomis, Milne-Edwards, 1837, has a very 

 small rostrum, consisting of a single tooth. 

 The little Lomis dentata is described by 

 de Haan from Japan. Its carapace about 

 half an inch in diameter forms a strong con- 

 trast to the preceding species. 

 FIG. u.-Lomis den- Pwrolomis, Stimpson, 1858, has a ros- 

 tata [de Haan]. faum w hich is usually trispinose, and in this 

 genus the third, fourth, and fifth segments of the pleon in 

 the female have the lateral plates subequal, and the median 

 portion occupied by a series of large calcareous plates 

 instead of particles. 



Hapalogaster, Brandt, 1851, has the appendages of the 

 second pleon-segment in the female biramous instead of 

 one-branched as in the other Lithodidae. Its second 

 antennge are much longer than the carapace, as in Parcel- 



