226 A HISTORY OF RECENT CRUSTACEA 



sand, in which they may often be observed to bury them- 

 selves with great facility after making an abrupt leap to 

 escape the hand stretched out to capture them. They 

 need, it is said, all their powers of concealment, being 

 eagerly hunted and captured by nearly all the larger fishes 

 which frequent the same waters, and, according to Verrill 

 and Smith, 011 the American coast this species constitutes 

 the principal food of the weak-fish, king-fish, white perch, 

 blue-fish, flounders, striped bass, and others. It may be 

 readily surmised that many of the flat-fishes, lying as they 

 do on the floor of the sea, must have a great advantage in 

 the sport of shrimping. A second species, Crangon All- 

 manni, Kiuahan, found in Great Britain and Norway, is 

 distinguishable by the two parallel keels of the sixth seg- 

 ment of the pleon, the groove between the two keels being 

 an easily discerned feature. This is found in deep water. 

 Kinahan in 1864 instituted for it a new genus Steiracran- 

 gon, which may be allowed to lapse. It is not mentioned in 

 ' Bell's History of the British Stalk-eyed Crustacea,' not 

 being known when that was published. Bell there records 

 six species of Crangon, but, except in the case of Crangon 

 vulgaris', the names he gives them are not universally 

 accepted. For Crangon fasciatus, the name Egeonfasciatus, 

 Bisso, is sometimes preferred, Bell's own species Crangon 

 sculptus being transferred to the same genus, because the 

 carapace in these species is not dorsal ly depressed. 



Crangon spinosus, Leach, 1815, according to Sars, pro- 

 perly belongs to the genus PontopMlus, Leach, 1817, of 

 which it is the type. Crangon trispinosus (Hailstone) and 

 Crangon lispinosus (Westwood) have been assigned (but 

 the first with very doubtful correctness) to Ckerapliilus, 

 Kinahan, 1864, in which, as in Pontophilus, the second 

 trunk-legs are much shorter than the third, instead of 

 being equal to them in length as in Crangon. Crangon 

 bispinosus is now identified with Crangon nanus of Kroyer, 

 and may therefore be called Cheraphilus nanus. Never- 

 theless all the seven species above mentioned are by some 

 writers still retained in the genus Crangon, together with 

 two others also found in British as well as Norwegian 



