Hcmi-Syncotyly, Syncotyly, Ainphi-Syncotyly. 461 
pitchers by splitting them up along one side with a sharp 
knife, as soon as I saw that the plant would not grow 
without this help. By this means I succeeded in bringing 
the plants to flower, but they were weak, thin-stemmed 
individuals. 
The growth of the plumule is often entirely sus- 
pended, both in ordinary unilateral syncotyls and in 
pitcher-like structures. In such cases the seedlings live 
much longer than usual, the cotyledons grow to a great 
size, often twice the normal, but finally the plant dies 
without producing a stem. This occurred frequently 
in Helianthus annnus and Dahlia variabilis, and less often 
Fig. 92. Polygomim Convolvulus. Instances of tri-syn- 
cotylous seedlings with various degrees of splitting and 
fusion. 
in Penstemon gcntianoidcs and Cannabis sativa. In the 
two latter species one or two leaves were sometimes de- 
veloped, but after that the terminal bud ceased to grow, 
whilst those leaves attained an abnormal size and thick- 
ness (Fig. 93). In such cases the question arises whether 
the inhibition of the growth may not, both here and 
elsewhere, have some other cause also. 
Syncotyly may be combined with tricotyly, and since, 
as we have seen, the fluctuating variability of both pre- 
sents a long series of forms, the multiformity will be 
much greater still in the series of the so-called tri-syn- 
cotyls. Thus, for instance, in Polygomim Convolvulus 
