Horticultural and Systematic Varieties. 63 
distinguishing feature of Solatium Dulcamara tomcnto- 
sum, Veronica scntcllata pubescens, Melissa officiualis vil- 
losa, Galeopsis Ladanum canescens, Vicia lutca hirta, 
Lotus corniculatus hirsutus, etc. 
The patches of color at the base of the petals are often 
absent in Papavcr orientate, in Erodiitm cicutarium and 
many other plants. Such names as ochrolcuca, purpuras- 
cens, intcgrifolia, serratifolia, angustifolia, latifolia de- 
note varieties each one of which may recur in several 
unrelated species. Finally I may mention the red berries 
which occur as a varietal character in Empetum nigrum 
and characterize the red variety of the gooseberry; and 
the yellow berries of Atropa Belladonna lutca and Daphne 
Mezereum album which are only selected examples from 
a long series of such varieties. 
All these forms differ from their species in the fact 
that a particular one of their characters is either devel- 
oped to a greater extent (hirsuta, ciliata, purpurascens,) 
or on the other hand very slightly developed or entirely 
absent. 
The absence of a character may also be a case of ex- 
treme rarity in the vegetable kingdom such as the straw- 
berries without runners, and the peculiar Finns Abies 
aclada, with its tall absolutely unbranched stem, which 
has been figured by ScHROTER. 1 Fragaria t'csca mono- 
phylla (Vol. I, Fig. 38, p. 193), Robinia Pseud-Acacia 
monophylla, Fra.rinus Ornus monophylla,- and a mo- 
nophyllous form of Melilotus cocrulea (Fig. 12 on page 
87) belong to the same category. 
The varietal names enumerated above almost always 
occur, in systematic works, in series which begin not with 
1 C. SCHROTER, Die Vielgestaltigkeit dcr Fichte, 1898, pp. 52-53. 
2 A. BRAUN, Verjiingung, 332. Here also the earlier literature 
will be found; and some facts concerning Rubus Idaeus monophyllus. 
