498 The Inconstancy of Fasciated Races. 
instance of a quadri-radiate apex on a branched indi- 
vidual (1893). Tri-radiate fasciated heads have often 
been found in Composites ; for instance in Chrysanthe- 
mum Leucanthemum, Helianthus annuus and Erigeron 
bcUldiflorus. In the latter species these have occurred 
with tolerable frequency in my garden. All these cases 
are greatly in need of a closer investigation. 
For the production of a fasciation the presence of the 
internal factor is not of itself sufficient. Favorable con- 
ditions of life are also quite necessary. The stronger a 
plant or a branch is, the more liable is it to expand and 
flatten out. This is best seen in those biennial or peren- 
nial plants which occasionally have the power of flower- 
ing in the first year. If they do this, either only small 
fasciations, or none at all, are developed, whilst it is 
amongst the specimens which remain in the rosette stage 
during the first year and do not develop their stem till 
the second, i. e., after they have undergone considerable 
increase in strength, that the most numerous and finest 
fasciations will be found. Thus, for instance, I obtained 
through the kindness of PROFESSOR LAGERHEIM from 
Stockholm seeds of a fasciated plant of Hieracium uin- 
bellatum, and in the summer of 1901 I had from these 
a bed with nearly a hundred plants without a trace of 
fasciation. Some plants, however, did not make a stem 
that year but, after they had survived the winter, pro- 
duced in the following spring some beautiful expanded 
stems with comb-shaped inflorescences at the top. The 
same occurred in my cultures of Aster Tripolinni, Picris 
Irieracioides, Oenothera Lamarckiana and others. The 
first species, when grown as an annual, developed tall 
stems which remained fairly cylindrical in the lower part, 
and then began to flatten, without, however, attaining 
