Spirally Twisted Races. 553 
culture grown for another purpose, I found a twisted 
plant like the one figured and saved its seed separately; 
its flowers had not been protected. 
From this seed I raised in 1898 a culture of 300 plants 
of which 259 were normal, whilst 40 exhibited torsions 
in the main stem and 28 others in one or several of the 
lateral branches, i. e., a proportion of 21% twisted indi- 
viduals. I only allowed the 21 finest specimens of these 
to flower and set seed ; and of these I only sowed the seeds 
of the one finest twisted plant. In the following year, 
1899, I raised from it 385 individuals of which 137 or 
about 35% showed torsions. Here also, as in the case 
of Dipsacus and Dianthus, many individuals exhibited a 
ternary arrangement in the whorls. I counted about 100 
of these, which therefore constituted about one-quarter 
of the whole culture. 
In 1900 I grew the fourth generation, but on a smaller 
scale. Torsions were as abundant as before, and amongst 
their number was the plant represented in Fig. 130. 
There is little doubt that similar intermediate races 
could be raised by an isolation of the spirally twisted 
individuals of several other species. And the best chance 
would obviously be given by those which frequently give 
rise to this anomalv without selection. Thus, for in- 
/ 
stance, Gypsophila paniculata, Urtica urens (of which 
I have already cultivated two generations with success), 
and perhaps also Scabiosa atropurpurea. On the other 
hand, as stated in the previous section, my sowings of the 
seeds of spirally twisted examples of Valeriana officinalis, 
Saponaria officinalis, Galiuin Aparine 1 and others, have 
offered no such prospects. 
1 Bydragen tot de leer van den klemdraai. Botanisch Jaarboek, 
Gent, IV, 1892, p. 154, PI. XV. 
