189 



rate, the very close relation of the Aizoaceae to the Cactaceae is incontestable, 

 as can be seen in the floral diagram of Mesenibriantliemum and Opuntia. 



83 Portulacaceae : Closely related to the Caryophyllaceae in the struc- 

 ture of its ovaries and seeds ; also allied to the Aizoaceae through the senii- 

 iuferior ovary of Portidaea and in numerous petals and sepals of Leivisia (both 

 of the Portulacaceae). 



84 BasellaCDEe : Near the Portulacacese. 



85 Caryophyllaceae : Related to the Aniarantacese, Cheuopodiacese, 

 Phytolaccacese, Portulacaceae, Nyctagiuaceae, Aizoaceae, in the structure of the 

 placenta, ovules and seeds. 



Series XXIX. Handles 



86 Nymphaeaceae : The close connections of this family with the Ber- 

 beridaceae are seen in the agreement of Nelumlo, Cabomla of the Nyinphsea- 

 cese, and Podophyllum, Jeffersonia and Diphylhia of the Berberidacete, in the 

 arillus, in the presence of vasculalar bundles in the medulla, in the distinct 

 floral elementSi Also related to some of the Papaveraceae in the attachment 

 of the ovules to the wall of the ovary and in the laticiferous vessels. Furthur, 

 it agrees with the Kanmiculaceae in the free floral elements, in the follicles, 

 in the small flowers and in the divided submerged leaves of the Cabombeae. 



87 Ceratophyllaceae 4) : This family is undoubtedly referable to the 

 Ilauales in the polymerous segments of the perianth, in the numerous stamens, 

 in the convex receptacle, and in the free carpels. 



88 Trochodendraceae 5) : In the absence of vessels in the xylem, this 

 family shows some connections with the Conifers. It is certainly comparable 

 with the Magnoliaceoa in the spiral arrangement of the floral elements and in 

 the structure of its seeds. But, on the other hand, if the separate carpels, 

 perigynous insertion and the small embryo are taken into consideration, it 

 should be brought close to the Saxifragaceae. 



89 Cercidiphyllaceae' : Nearly as above. 



90 Ranunculaceae 7) : Related to the Maguohacea?, Anonacese and 



1) 1. c. III. 1, b, p. 52. 2) Nat. Pfl.-fiim. III. 1, b, p. 67. 



3) 1. c. III. 2, p. 3. 4) Nat. Pfl.-fam. III. 2, p. 12. 



5) 1. c. III. 2, p. 23. 6) 1. c. Nactr. HI. p. 111. 



7) Nat. Pfl.-fam. Ill 2, p. 54. 



