148 



difference. Take the Loranthacese for au example, you will there find both 

 types, some with stamens opposite, and some with them alternate, to the pelals, 

 as in the male flowers of Eremolepis^ and Bifaria (or in my Pseudixus^}. 

 Such great stress is put upon the relative positions of stamens and petals, only 

 because the conservation of the present static system demands it. The natural 

 position of the Rhainnales should, therefore, be dynamic. 



Then come the Malvales 3) according to ENGLER'S system. Their relation 

 to the Geraniales has been pointed out. Moreover, the Malvales bear a close 

 resemblance to the Parietales, as is indicated in a comparison of the Elaeocar- 

 paceae 4) with some (ProcJcia and Hasseltia) of the Flacourfciacese 55 ; of the 

 Chlgeuacefe 1 " with some (Asteropeiete) of the Theace?e 7) ( BAILLON) ; of the former 

 family s) with the Dipterocarpacese ; of the Tiliace8e 9) with the Elacourtiaceae ; 

 and in the agreement of the Tiliace?o 10) with the Bixace?e n) in the palmate 

 nerves of the leaves, in the stamens connate at their base, in the pored anthers, 

 in the loculicidal dehiscence of the fruit, in the hairy covering of the seeds, 

 in the flat cotyledons, and in the mucilage canals in the medulla, cortex and 

 leaves. Further, the relation of the Malvales to the Tubiflome is shown in 

 the conformity of the Malvaceae and the Convolvulacese 123 in the hairy covering 

 of the seeds, in the curved embryo and in the secondary meristematic zone in 

 the xylem. The natural position of the Malvales, as it were, occilates between 

 the Geraniales and the Tubiflorae. 



As to the Parietales 135 , ENGLER says : 



\Vie sclion oben angedeutet wurde, reioht die Reihe der Parietales mit ihren 

 ersten Familien bis in die Nalie der Ranales, Die D'Meniacea; warden denselben friiher 

 auch zugerechnet, zeigen aber auch Beziehungen zu den Familien der Eucryphitcea; 

 Ochnacew, Caryocaracew, Marcgraviacecr, Quiiivtcea.', Theacea\ Guttiferw tind Diptero- 

 carpacecr, welche alle einander nalie steben, und alle darin iibereinstimmen, dass 



1) EICHLEE, A. W. Blutbentu'agramme, construirt und erlautert (1875), p. 553. 



2) HATATA, B. On Pseudixus. on new genus of Lorantbacete, founded on the well-known 

 nnd widely distributed species Viscum japonimm THUNB., in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) Vol. XXIX. ]>p. 

 31-34. 



3) EXGLEB, A. Erliiuterungen, 1. c. p. 367. 



4) Nat. Pfl.-fam. III. 6, p. 3. 5) Nat. Pfl.-fam. III. 6, a, p. 10. 

 0) 1. c. Ill 6 r p. 172. 7) 1. c. III. 6, p. 17'.). 



8) 1. c. Ill 6, p. 172. 9) 1. c. III. 6, p. 13. 



10) 1. c. III. 6, p. 13. 11) 1. c. III. -6, p. SOU. 



12) 1. c. IV. 3, a, p. 11. 13) ENGLER. A. Erlautemngen, 1. c. p. 367. 



