83 



apparent or latent ; and on the other, according to the different com- 

 binations or seggregatious of apparent genes. Consequently, the relation 

 of one individual to the others in phenomenal appearance is the relation of 

 mutual participation or sharing of latent and apparent genes in individuals. 



Then, too, all genes in individuals may be apparent at on? time and 

 latent at another, and may change their characters, according to conditions. 

 As genes change, so change individuals. Yet, no new gene is ever created 

 or produced ; no existent gene ever vanishes. The genes now present are 

 those that have existed from the eternal past and will continue to exist 

 throughout the infinite future. The phenomena of an individual change from 

 time to time, the latter phrase of course being understood as meaning very long 

 intervals of time. Such changes are brought about in the individual itself or 

 >v crossing with others. When the latter is the case, it sometimes does, and 

 sometimes does not, follow the Mendelian law. Yet, for all that, individuals 

 are always the same in their real entities. Genes present in individuals aro 

 not at all isolated, but are in close continuity in their essence. If we fix 

 upon different colours to represent different genes, the latter present different 

 hues, according to the conditions under which they are exposed at this time 

 or that. Different genes are, therefore, exactly similar in their real entities. 

 Consequently, all individuals are to be regarded from two different points of 

 view ; one being that of universality, and the other that of particularity. The 

 universality of individuals follows from the unity of the genes contained in 

 them, Avhile the particularity of individuals is made comprehensible by the 

 difference of the phenomenal appearances of the genes and the different 

 combinations of the latter. 



Now, in order to present to my readers more plainly the mutual relation 

 of genes present in individuals, let us assume that individuals are composed of 

 numerous rosaries formed of numerous, temporarily different, beads. (See Fig. 

 1 ). Further, we will assume at the same time that the individuals are, as I 

 have said before, sometliiug like knots caused by bringing close together here and 

 there some of these entangled rosaries ; also that the phenomenal appearances 

 of the beads of the rosaries do not cease to change from time to time, as the 

 beads are in close concatenation and in inc333ant flux in thair essence ; as the 



