BUGS. 245 



sub-family. These latter organs are placed upon the rim of the vertex close to the 

 eyes, or on the front, but never upon the upper surface or vertex proper. 



The old genus Jassus of Germar and various other authors has been shown by Dr. 

 Stal to be erroneously founded, and that the real Fabrician Jassus is the Coelidia 

 of later authors, so that a dismemberment has become necessary, and the characteristic 

 species must be placed in new genera. One of these latter is Alli/giis, which is 

 represented in this country and in South America by a large number of gray and 

 brown mixed species having a broad, nearly triangular vertex, with the apex usually 

 a little recurved. 



A common form on the willow and other plants in damp places throughout the 

 eastern half of the United States is the A. irroratus. It is of a pale 

 horn yellow color, but when alive and very fresh is ivory white, clouded 

 with pale brown. Its face is streaked each side, and closely flecked in 

 front with pale yellow on a brown ground, but is broadly pale next the 

 origin of the rostrum, and on the outer cheeks. The vertex is closely 

 reticulated with brown, with an obscure dark line on the middle and two 

 narrow, transverse, ivory yellow spots each side on the front edge. There 

 is also a series of seven black specks on the costal margin, two or three on FIG. 310. AI- 

 each edge of the clavus, and the surface generally of the corium freckled, l ys ustrrorutus - 

 and spread with groups of branching, slender, brown lines. The fore and middle thighs 

 are crossed by three uneven dark bands or spots that are sometimes confluent ; the hind 

 ones are streaked, and at tip twice banded with darker brown, while the tibiae are inter- 

 ruptedly barred, and between the spines dotted with the same color. Usually the sutural 

 margins of both pectus and abdomen, spots upon the coxaa, and tips of the tarsal joints 

 are banded with paler brown. The dorsal surface of the abdomen is commonly blackish, 

 at least on the disc ; and the males are generally darker than the females. 

 It measures rather more than one-fourth of an inch to the tip of wing- 

 covers. In Maryland and the adjoining States it is somewhat common 

 from early in July until near the end of October. 



Other species, of the same colors, and marked in very nearly the same 

 manner, are met with in various parts of North America. A reticulate 

 veining in the areoles, accompanied by a larger number of cross-veins 

 FIG 311 - ri tnan usua l on tne costal area, disc, and clavus, will serve to separate this 



semi- genus from its nearest relatives. 



fasciata. 



Near this may be placed a most pernicious but strongly marked smaller 

 species, Cicadula exitiosa. This genus differs from the preceding in lacking the cross- 

 veins and reticulations of the wing-covers. It has few areoles ; those next the tip are 

 very long, while the four apical ones are longer than in Allygus. The species is pale 

 yellow, polished, banded with black on the upper surface of the abdominal segments. 

 The face is brighter yellow, crossed each side by a series of curved, brown lines, the 

 outer cheeks marked with two long, brown spots, and the front with a black dot on 

 each side near the reddish ocelli. The vertex has usually a pale brown, transverse 

 cloud, marked behind by two darker spots, and beyond which, on the prothorax, is a 

 transverse, curved series of fuscous dots. Scutellum bright yellow, inscribed each side 

 of base with a brown line, behind the middle with four small irregular spots, and at 

 tip with a white line. On the sternum the black color occupies the discs of the 

 segments, while the two anterior pairs of femora are interruptedly striped, and the 

 spine-sockets of the posterior shanks are brown. The wing-covers are translucent, 



