210 SIMAEOUBACEAE. 



Fruit drupaceous or baccate ; petals usually present. 



Leaves 5-9-foliolate ; carpels 2-ovuled. ]. Picramnia, 



Leaves 9 21-follolate ; carpels 1-ovuled. 2. Simarouba. 



Fruit samaroid ; leaves 19-51-foliolate ; petals none. 3. Alvaradoa. 



1. PICRAMNIA Sw. Fl. Ind. Oec. 1: 217. 1797. 



Trees or shrubs, with alternate, unequally pinnate leaves, and small dioe- 

 cious flowers in narrow panicles. Sepals 3-5, slightly united at the base. 

 Petals 3-5, or sometimes wanting. Stamens 3-5, in the pistillate flowers repre- 

 sented by small staminodia; filaments slender, unappendaged ; anthers broad. 

 Ovary 2-3-celled, sessile; stigmas 2 or 3, spreading; ovules 2 in each cavity, 

 pendulous. Fruit baccate, globose to oblong or obovoid, the pulp juicy. 

 [Greek, bitter shrub.] Some thirty species, of tropical and subtropical 

 America. Type species: Picramnia Antidesma Sw. 



1. Picramnia pentandra Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1: 220. 1797. 



A shrub, or a small tree up to 10 m. high, the young twigs and leaves 

 finely appressed-pubescent. Leaflets 5-9, chartaceous, oblong to ovate or 

 lanceolate, 3-12 cm. long, acute, acuminate, or obtuse at the apex, narrowed 

 at the base, shining above, becoming glabrous on both sides, the petiolules 

 short ; panicles slender, loosely branched, 7-15 cm. long ; sepals 5, ovate, acute, 

 about 2 mm. long; petals linear-lanceolate, about as long as the sepals; stamens 

 5; berries globose to oblong or obovoid, red or scarlet, 9-15 mm. long. 



Coppices and scrub-lands, Abaco, Great Bahama, Andros, New Providence, 

 Eleuthera, Cat Island, Watling's, Atwood Cay, Acklin's. Long Island. Mariguana 

 and North Caicos : Florida ; Cuba to Trinidad. BITTEH BUSH. SNAKE-ROOT. 



2. SIMAROUBA Aubl. PI. Guian. 2: 859. 1775. 



Shrubs or trees, usually with bitter bark, the leaves alternate, pinnate, the 

 leaflets entire, the small, terminal or axillary panicled flowers monoecious or 

 dioecious. Sepals 4-6, partly united. Petals 4-6, much longer than the calyx. 

 Stamens 8-12, often represented by dilated staminodia in the pistillate flowers ; 

 filaments subulate, appendaged at the base; anthers narrow. Ovary sessile, 

 usually 5-celled; carpels distinct. Fruit drupaceous. [Guiana name.] About 

 5 species of tropical and subtropical America. Type species: Simarouba amara 

 Aubl. 



1. Simarouba glauca DC. Ann. Mus. Paris 17: 424. 1811. 



Quassia Simaru'ba W. Wright, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Edin. 2: 73. 1790. Not L. 



f. 1781. 



Simaru'ba amara Hayne, Arzneipfl. 9. pi. 15. 1825. 'Not Aubl. 1775. 

 Simaru'ba officinalis Macf. Fl. Jam. 1: 198. 1837. Not DC. 1811. 

 Simarou'ba medicindlis Endl. Medic. Pfl. 528. 1842. 

 Simaru'ba officinalis forma gldbra Krug & Urban, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 15: 



305. 1893. 



A tree, up to 16 m. high, or shrubby, the rather stout nearly terete twigs 

 glabrous, the bark red-brown. Leaves 2-4 dm. long, unequally pinnate ; leaflets 

 7-21, oblong or oblong-obovate, 5-11 cm. long, rounded, retuse or abruptly 

 pointed at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous, or with short spreading 

 hairs beneath, bright green above, pale and more or less glaucous beneath, the 

 petiolules very short; panicle 1-4 dm. long, widely branched, the staminate 

 flowers more numerous than the pistillate ; flowers short-pedicelled ; sepals ovate 



