PART II. 



ECOLOGY. 



The following directions for laboratory work are general in 

 character since they are intended to apply to various specimens from 

 the Museum and Vivarium. Several specimens, illustrating differ- 

 ent kinds of adaptations, etc., will be assigned, one after another, to 

 each member of the class. Keep laboratory records for each speci- 

 men separate and distinct ; first record the scientific name of each 

 specimen, and then the results of observations on the topics pro- 

 posed. 



A. RELATIONS TO INORGANIC ENVIRONMENT. 



I. HABITAT. 



Is the specimen a marine (Halobios), fresh-water (Limnobios) or 

 terrestrial ( Geobios ) form ? \Yhat are the evidences upon which 

 your conclusion is based ? 



1. If aquatic, is it a bottom form (Benthos) or a top form 

 (Plankton) ? Give evidence for your conclusion. 



2. If terrestrial, is it fitted for life in arid or swampy regions, 

 or for subterranean, arboreal, or aerial life ? Give reasons for your 

 answer. 



3. Are there any evidences that this animal or its ancestors have 

 ever changed habitat? If so, what are they? 



4. Draw the specimen, devoting particular attention to those 

 adaptations which have relation to the habitat. 



II. CLIMATE. 



1. Temperature. Does the animal show any particular adapta- 

 tions to heat or cold? In what condition does it pass the winter? 

 The summer? 



2. Moisture. Does it show adaptations for the prevention of 

 the loss of moisture, or to protect it against too great moisture? 



3. Winds. \Yhat adaptation, if any, does it show to winds? 



4. Light. Is it a form which seeks or avoids strong light, and 

 what adaptations does it show in this connection? 



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