cv- 



N 



P 



F&E X /MV8 >' .' 4^; ; 'v s /s^s 1 



mffiW/m&^& 



v-y,S{ '?-, / : / \-J%'(Ty&:' ^'-'^ ''* 



. . 



" 





r &&&iW> i "^?- v^-', 



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FIG. 185. Paramecium caudatum: semi-diagramrnatic figure to show the structure. 

 P., peristomial groove ; o, mouth ; as., oesophagus, containing an undulating 

 membrane (a.m.) ;f.v.', food-vacuole forming at the base of the cesophagus ; 

 f.v., f.v., other food-vacuoles circulating in the endoplasm ; c.v., c.v., the two 

 contractile vacuoles, showing a different condition in each, the upper one full 

 and ready to empty itself, the lower one beginning to fill after a contraction ; 

 ex., excretory crystals in the endoplasm ; N, macronucleus ; n, micronucleus ; 

 tm., trichocyats ; al., alveolar layer; p., pellicle. After Lang (10), slightly 

 modified. 



