100 



MAN : PAST AND PRESENT. 



[CHAP. 



be true Zulus, and as the same process went on in the far north, 

 the term Zulu has now in many cases come to imply political 

 rather than blood relationship. Here we have an object lesson, 

 by which the ethnical value of such names as "Aryan," "Kelt," 

 " Briton," " Slav," &c. may be gauged in other regions. 



So also most of the southern section claim as their founder 

 and ancestor a certain Xosa, sprung from Zuide, who may have 

 flourished about 1500. and whom the Ama-Tembus and Ama- 

 Mpondos also regard as their progenitor. Thus the whole section 

 is connected, but not in the direct line, with the Xosas, who trace 

 their lineage from Galeka and Khakhabe, sons of Palo, who is 

 said to have died about 1780, and was himself tenth in direct 

 descent from Xosa. We thus get a genealogical table as under, 

 which gives his proper place in the Family Tree to nearly every 

 historical " Kafir 7 '' chief in Cape Colony, where ignorance of these 

 relations caused much bloodshed during the early Kafir wars :- 



Zuide (1500?) 



Tembu 



i 



i 



Ama-Tembus 

 (Tembookies) 



Xosa (1530?) 

 Palo (1780'?) 



Mpondo 



Mpondumisi (Mpondos) 



But all, both northern Zulus and southern Xosas, are essenti- 

 ally one people in speech, physique, usages and 

 T p k ysical social institutions. The hair is uniformly of a 



somewhat frizzly texture, the colour of a light or 

 clear brown amongst the Ama-Tembus, but elsewhere very dark, 

 the Swazis being almost "blue-black"; the head decidedly long 

 (72-54) and high (195-8); nose variable, both Negroid and 

 perfectly regular; height above the mean (5ft. 9 to n in.); 

 figure shapely and muscular, though Fritsch's measurements show 



