CH. V.] THE OCEANIC NEGROES. I2/ 



Present Range. Papuasian : East Malaysia, New 

 Guinea, Melanesia ; Australian : the unsettled parts of 

 Australia and Reservations ; Tasmanian : extinct; Ne- 

 grito : Andamans, Malay Peninsula, Philippines. 



Hair. Papuasian : black, frizzly ', mop-like ("Mop- Physical 

 heads"), beard scanty or absent ; Australian : pitch-black, ters. 

 very wavy or shaggy, though often nearly straight, not 

 coarse, abundant on face and chest, beard often very full; 

 Tasmanian : black, closely curled, but shorter and less 

 mop-like than Papuasian ; Negrito : short and tufty, like 

 Bushman, but always jet black. 



Colour. All : very deep shades of chocolate brown, 

 often verging on black, a very constant character, lighter 

 shades showing mixture. 



Skull. Papuasian : extremely dolicho (68- -72) and 

 high (hypsistenocephalic], but very variable in areas of 

 mixture (70- 84); Australian and Tasmanian : dolicho 

 (70- -72) and low (Neanderthal type) ; Negrito : brachy 

 (8o-8 5 ). 



Jaws. Papuasian : moderately or not at all progna- 

 thous ; Australian, Tasmanian, and Negrito: generally 

 prognathous, some (Semang) in the highest degree. Cheek- 

 bones. All : slightly prominent or even retreating, but 

 Australian often rather high. Nose. Papuasian : large, 

 straight, even aquiline in true Papuans; Australian, 

 Tasmanian, and Negrito : triangular, very short, flat, 

 broad at base and deep-rooted, wide nostrils (platyrrhine) 

 with large thick cartilage. Eyes. All : moderately large, 

 round and black or very deep broivn, with dirty yellow- 

 ish cornea, generally deep-set with strong overhanging 

 arches ; Australian : very close-set and often bloodshot, 

 giving a savage expression. 



Stature. Papuasian, Australian, and Tasmanian : 

 above the average, but variable, with rather wide range 

 from 5//. 4 in. to $ft. 10 in. or 6ft.; Negrito: under- 

 sized, but taller than African Negrito (4 ft. 6 /;/. to $ft.). 



Temperament. Papuasian : very excitable, voluble Mental 



Charac- 



and laughter-loving, fairly intelligent and imaginative, but ters. 



