VIII.] THE NORTHERN MONGOLS. 267 



all Mongols proper, MancJius, and Korearis nominal 

 Buddhists ; all Turki peoples Moslem; Japanese Buddhists 

 and Shintoists ; Finns, Lapps, Bulgars, Magyars, and 

 sotne Siberians real or nominal Christians. 



Culture, rude and barbaric rather than savage 

 amongst the Siberian aborigines, who are nearly all 

 nomadic hunters and fishers with half-wild reindeer herds 

 but scarcely any industries ; the Mongols proper, Kirghiz, 

 Uzbegs and Turkomans semi-nomadic pastors ; the Ana- 

 tolian and Balkan Turks, Manchus, and Koreans settled 

 agriculturists, ivith scarcely any arts or letters and no 

 science; Japanese, Finns, Bulgars, and Magyars civilized 

 up to, and in some respects beyond the European average 

 {Magyar and Finnish literature, Japanese art}. 



Mongol Proper. Sharra (Eastern}, Kalmak ( West- Main 



Divisions. 



ern], Buryat (Siberian] Mongol. 



Tungus. Tungus proper, Manchu, Gold, Oroch, 

 Lamut. 



Korean ; Japanese and Liu-Kiu. 



Turki. Yakut; Kirghiz ; Uzbeg; Taranchi ; Kara- 

 Kalpak; Nogai; Turkoman; Anatolian; Osmanli. 



Finno-Ugrian. Baltic Finn; Lapp; Samoyad: 

 Cheremiss ; Votyak; Vogul; Ostyak ; Bulgar ; Magyar. 



East Siberian. Yukaghir; Chukchi; Koryak; 

 Kamchadale ; Gilyak. 



BY "Northern Mongols" are here to be understood all those 

 branches of the Mongol Division of mankind which are usually 

 comprised under the collective geographical expression Ural- 

 Altaic, to which corresponds the ethnical designation Mongolo- 

 Tatar, or more properly Mongolo-Turki 1 . Their 



, ' i Domain of 



domain is roughly separated from that or the the Northern 

 Southern Mongols (Chap, vi.) by the Great Wall Mon & ols - 

 and the Kuen-lun range, beyond which it spreads out westwards 

 over most of Western Asia, and a considerable part of North 

 Europe, with many scattered groups in Central and South Russia, 

 the Balkan Peninsula, and the Middle Danube basin. In the 



1 As fully explained in Eth. p. 303. 



