X.] THE AMERICAN ABORIGINES. 3/1 



(hudh-keipr] and harpoons unknown to the other natives, and 

 eating a mixture of marrow and blood, and what looked like 

 raw-meat, whence the name Eskimantsic, " raw-flesh eaters " given 

 them by the Abenaki Algonquians, and corrupted by the French 

 to Esquimaux*. The most general national name is Innuit^ 

 "Men," in the west (Alaska); Yuit, of same meaning, on the 

 Asiatic side of Bering Strait ; and in the east (Greenland) Karalit, 

 which Cranz thinks may be a native form of Skrallmg*. It is 

 important to notice, in connection with their costume, some 

 usages, implements, myths, and even physical traits, that the two 

 peoples dwelt side by side for several hundred years till the 

 1 5th century, when the Norsemen withdrew, and that contact 

 was resumed and continued down to the present time early in the 

 1 8th century, when the Danes reoccupied Greenland. To these 

 protracted relations Prof. Tylor attributes the many striking coin- 

 cidences between the two cultures, mentioning especially the 

 dress, the curious habit of rival parties reciting satirical verses 

 against each other, stone lamps and kettles. " It is thus likely 

 that the Greenlanders may have learnt from the Scandinavians 

 the art of working potstone both into kettles and lamps. If so, 

 the use of these would spread from Greenland over the whole 

 Esquimaux district 3 ." 



But against this view has to be put the theory strenuously 

 advocated by Dr H. Rink 4 , that the Eskimo cradle was in the 



1 The Abbe E. Petitot, who takes Eskimo from the Kree dialect, gives the 

 form lViyas-ki-mowok="M.angewK de chair crue" (wiyas = chair, arki=cru, 

 mowew = manger). He adds that the collective Mackenzie name is Chiglerk, 

 pi. Chiglit; and the Hudson Bay Aggnt or Axiit, pi. Agittit, while the western 

 tribes call themselves Tachut or Tagut, pi. Chukchit, all these terms meaning 

 "Man," "Men" (Bui. Soc. Geogr. x. 1875, p. 256 sq.) 



2 Quoted by Prof. E. B. Tylor, Joiirn. Anthrop. Inst. 1884, p. 349. 

 Others suggest that Skrallmg may be a Norse form of Karalit. The term 

 Ovarian introduced by W. H. Ball (Alaska and its Resources, Boston, 1870; 

 Distribution of the Native Tribes of Alaska, etc., in Proc. Amer. Ass. 1870, 

 vol. 1 8) as a collective designation of all the Eskimo, Aleutian, and Chukchi 

 peoples has not met with general acceptance. 



3 Old Scandinavian Civilization among the Modern Esquimaux, Jour. 

 Anthrop. Inst. 1884, p. 353. 



4 The Eskimo Tribes, their Distribution and Characteristics, 2 vols., Copen- 

 hagen, 1887. 



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