CHAPTER XII. 



THE CAUCASIC PEOPLES. 



General Considerations Constituent Elements of the Caucasic Division- 

 Past and Present Range Cradleland : Africa north of Sudan The 

 Quaternary " Sahara " North Africa Home of the Mediterranean Races- 

 Early Long-heads and Round-heads The Migrations northwards from 

 Africa The Three Great European Ethnical Groups : Tall, blond Long- 

 heads ; Short, dark Long-heads; Brown Round-heads The Canary 

 Islanders The MEDITERRANEANS: Iberians; Ligurians ; Pelasgians 

 Type and Origins Iberian and Hamitic Languages fundamentally one 

 The Ligurians Former Range to Rhineland and to Italy from Africa 

 Sicilian Origins Sicani: Siciili Sard and Corsican Origins Ethnical 

 Relations in Italy Sergi's Mediterranean Domain Range of the Medi- 

 terraneans in Africa 77/6' Eastern HatnitcsJ^he Western Hamites : 

 Berbers and " Moors " General Hamitic Type Berber and Arab Con- 

 trasts The Tilnts The Egyptian Hamites Origins The Stone Ages in 

 Egypt The Egyptians indigenous in the Nile Valley Neolithic and 

 Bronze Culture Egyptian Language and Type specialised in Remote 

 Times Physical Characters persistent Social Condition of the Ancient 

 and Later Egyptians Other Eastern Hamites Hadendoioas Sonials and 

 Gal las. 



CONSPECTUS. 



Primeval Home, Africa north of Sudan. Distribu- 



tion in 

 Present Range, all the extra-tropical habitable lands, Past and 



Present 



except Chinese empire, Japan, and the Arctic zone ; inter- Times. 

 tropical America, Arabia, India, and Indonesia ; spora- 

 dically everywhere. 



Three types : i. Homo europaeus (North Euro- Physical 



Charac- 



pean or Teutonic]; 2. H. alpinus (Central and East ters. 

 European, Iranic, Oceanic}: 3. H. mediterranensis 

 ( Afro- En rope a n ) . 



Hair, i . very light brown, flaxen or red, rather long, 



