518 MAN : PAST AND PRESENT. [CHAP. 



light hair and milk-white skin 1 , temperate in all things and of 

 great mental energy. 



We thus see that this movement of the Goths to the Euxine 

 and Danube is not a primitive migration of " Aryans " from North 

 Europe, and should lend no support to the views of Penka, who 

 locates the Aryan cradle in that region. It is quite a recent 

 event, which is in no way opposed to the theory of Montelius and 

 other Swedish palethnologists that the proto-Teutons had origin- 

 ally migrated to Sweden from the Black Sea (the Eurasian steppe) 

 in the New Stone Age. Penka's objection that in this view the 

 Teutonic language could not contain such words, for instance, as 

 whale, seal, and lobster, is irrelevant. Such terms were of course 

 not brought from the Euxine, but were either loan-words or 

 normal developments during their long settlement on the shores 

 of the Baltic and German Ocean. 



Before their absorption in the surrounding Bulgar and Slav 

 populations the Mceso-Goths were evangelised in the 4th century 

 by their bishop Ulfilas ("Wolf"), whose fragmentary translation 

 of Scripture, preserved in the Codex Argenteus of Upsala, is the 

 most precious monument of early Teutonic speech extant. 



Without following the later migrations of Burgundians, Longo- 



bards, Saxons, Angles, Franks, Vandals, Visigoths and the other 



northern " barbarians," which are historic events, it will suffice to 



indicate the results, so far as they have affected the physical 



characters of the present Germanic peoples. From 



Modification 1 



of the Teu- the examination made some years ago of 6,758,000 

 school children 2 , it would appear that about 31 per 

 cent, of living Germans may be classed as blonds, 14 as brunettes, 

 and 55 as mixed ; and further that of the blonds about 43 per cent, 

 are centred in North, 33 in Central and 24 in South Germany. 

 The brunettes increase, generally speaking, southwards, South 

 Bavaria showing only about 14 per cent, of blonds, and the same 

 law holds good of the long-heads and the round-heads respectively. 

 To what cause is to be attributed this profound modification of 

 the Teutonic type in the direction of the south? 



1 "Lactea cutis" (Sidonius Apollinaris). 



2 The results were tabulated by Virchow and may be seen, without going 

 to German sources, in the Times of Sept. 21, 1886. 



