CH. VII.] THE OCEANIC MONGOLS. 22Q 



than true Mongol. Nose, rather small, often straight with 

 widish nostrils (mesorrhine}. Eyes, black, medium size, 

 horizontal or slightly oblique, with the Mongol fold. Sta- 

 ture, undersized, from 5 ft. to 5 //. 4 or 5 /;/. Lips, 

 thickish, slightly protruding, and kept a little apart in 

 repose. Arms and legs, rather small, slender and deli- 

 cate; feet small. 



Temperament. Normally quiet, reserved and tad- ^f^!. 

 turn, but under excitement subject to fits of blind fury ; ters - 

 fairly intelligent, polite and ceremonious, but uncertain, un- 

 trustworthy, and even treacherous ; daring, adventurous 

 and reckless ; musical; not distinctly cruel, though indifferent 

 to physical suffering in others. 



Speech. Various branches of a single stock language 

 -the Oceanic or Malayo-Polynesian, at different 

 stages of agglutination. 



Religion, of the primitive Malayans somewhat unde- 

 veloped a vague dread of ghosts and other spirits, but rites 

 and ceremonies mainly absent, although human sacrifices to 

 the departed common in Borneo ; the cultured Malayans 

 formerly Hindus (Brahman and Buddhist], now mostly 

 Moslem, but in the Philippines and Madagascar Christian; 

 gross superstitions, belief in witchcraft, charms, and spells 

 everywhere prevalent. 



Culture, of the primitive Malayans very low head- 

 hunting, cannibalism, mutilation common in Borneo; 

 hunting and fishing ; no agriculture, arts, or industries ; 

 the Moslem and Christian Malayans semi-civilized ; the 

 industrial arts weaving, dyeing, pottery, metal-work, also 

 trade, navigation, house and boat-building well developed; 

 architecture formerly flourishing in Java under Hindu 

 influences ; letters wide- spread even amongst some of the 

 rude Malayans, but literature and science rudimentary; 

 rich oral folklore in Madagascar and perhaps elsewhere. 



Malayans (Proto-Malays) : Lampongs, Rejangs, Main_ 

 Battas, Achinese, and Palembangs in Sumatra ; Sun- 

 danese, Javanese proper, and Madurese in Java; Dyaks 

 in Borneo ; B alines e ; Sassaks (Lombok) ; Bugis and 



