﻿SEED 
  DISTRIBUTION 
  

  

  171 
  

  

  Fruits, 
  clusters 
  of 
  fruits, 
  and 
  plants 
  full 
  of 
  fruits 
  are 
  rolled 
  

   along 
  the 
  ground 
  (especially 
  over 
  the 
  snow) 
  by 
  the 
  wind, 
  

   often 
  for 
  great 
  distances, 
  scattering 
  seeds 
  as 
  they 
  go. 
  If 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  

   whole 
  plant 
  that 
  travels, 
  or 
  a 
  large 
  part 
  of 
  a 
  plant, 
  it 
  is 
  known 
  

   as 
  a 
  tumbleweed. 
  Such 
  are 
  the 
  Russian 
  thistle 
  (Sahola), 
  

   tumble-mustard 
  (^Sisymbrium), 
  winged 
  pigweed 
  (Cycloloma), 
  

   ghost-plant 
  (AmarantJvus), 
  and 
  the 
  fruit 
  cluster 
  of 
  old-witch 
  

   grass 
  (Panicum); 
  the 
  white-pine 
  

   cone 
  is 
  an 
  example 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  fruit 
  

   traveling 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  way. 
  

  

  Many 
  aquatic 
  plants, 
  as 
  grasses, 
  

   rushes, 
  sedges, 
  water 
  dock, 
  lotus, 
  

   bur 
  reed, 
  and 
  a 
  multitude 
  of 
  other 
  

   species, 
  have 
  fruits 
  or 
  seeds 
  which 
  

   float, 
  often 
  for 
  long 
  distances, 
  and 
  

   then 
  lodge 
  and 
  grow. 
  

  

  Burs 
  of 
  many 
  kinds 
  (fig. 
  150) 
  

   lodge 
  in 
  the 
  hair, 
  fur, 
  or 
  feathers 
  of 
  

   passing 
  animals 
  and 
  are 
  finally 
  dis- 
  

   lodged 
  in 
  various 
  distant 
  places 
  

   where 
  they 
  may 
  grow. 
  

  

  163. 
  Dispersal 
  of 
  edible 
  seeds. 
  

   Edible 
  seeds 
  and 
  fruits 
  (such 
  as 
  

   nuts, 
  the 
  grains, 
  and 
  berries) 
  and 
  

   stone 
  fruits 
  (like 
  plums 
  and 
  cherries) 
  are 
  frequently 
  swal- 
  

   lowed 
  by 
  animals 
  and 
  later 
  voided 
  undigested 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  con- 
  

   dition 
  to 
  grow. 
  In 
  this 
  way 
  wild 
  cherries 
  (fig. 
  151) 
  and 
  wild 
  

   apples 
  are 
  planted 
  about 
  pastures 
  and 
  in 
  open 
  woods. 
  Also, 
  

   raspberry, 
  currant, 
  and 
  gooseberry 
  bushes, 
  asparagus, 
  and 
  

   bittersweet 
  may 
  be 
  found 
  growing 
  in 
  the 
  forks 
  of 
  trees 
  

   (fig. 
  152). 
  Squirrels, 
  blue 
  jays, 
  and 
  some 
  other 
  animals 
  carry 
  

   away 
  nuts 
  and 
  bury 
  them, 
  often 
  leaving 
  them 
  to 
  grow 
  the 
  

   following 
  spring. 
  1 
  

  

  FIG. 
  152. 
  Red 
  rasp- 
  

   berry 
  bush 
  in 
  fork 
  

   of 
  a 
  maple 
  

  

  1 
  On 
  the 
  general 
  subject 
  of 
  seed 
  dispersal 
  see 
  Kerner-Oliver, 
  Natural 
  

   History 
  of 
  Plants, 
  pp. 
  833-877, 
  Henry 
  Holt 
  and 
  Company, 
  New 
  York; 
  

   also 
  Beal, 
  Seed 
  Dispersal, 
  Ginn 
  and 
  Company, 
  Boston. 
  

  

  