﻿14 
  KEY 
  AND 
  FLORA 
  

  

  C 
  

  

  Scales 
  of 
  the 
  cone 
  few, 
  without 
  bracts. 
  Leaves 
  evergreen, 
  generally 
  scale- 
  

   like 
  or 
  awl-shaped. 
  

  

  Cones 
  dry 
  and 
  thin-scaled. 
  Thuja, 
  VII 
  

  

  Cones 
  berry-like. 
  Juniperus, 
  VIII 
  

  

  I. 
  PINUS 
  L. 
  

  

  Sterile 
  flowers 
  somewhat 
  resembling 
  inconspicuous 
  catkins, 
  

   borne 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  young 
  shoot 
  of 
  the 
  season, 
  each 
  flower 
  

   consisting 
  of 
  pollen-scales 
  in 
  spiral 
  groups 
  (Fig. 
  1, 
  2). 
  Fertile 
  

   flower 
  spikes 
  consisting 
  of 
  spirally 
  arranged 
  carpel 
  scales, 
  each 
  

   scale 
  springing 
  from 
  the 
  axil 
  of 
  a 
  bract 
  and 
  bearing 
  at 
  its 
  own 
  

   base 
  two 
  ovules 
  (Fig. 
  1, 
  <?). 
  Fruit 
  a 
  cone, 
  formed 
  of 
  the 
  thick- 
  

   ened 
  carpellary 
  scales, 
  ripening 
  the 
  second 
  autumn 
  after 
  the 
  

   flower 
  opens. 
  Primary 
  leaves, 
  thin 
  and 
  chaffy 
  bud 
  scales, 
  from 
  

   the 
  axils 
  of 
  which 
  spring 
  the 
  bundles 
  of 
  2-5 
  nearly 
  persistent, 
  

   needle-like, 
  evergreen 
  leaves, 
  1-15 
  in. 
  long 
  (Fig. 
  1). 
  

  

  1. 
  P. 
  Strobus 
  L. 
  WHITE 
  PINE. 
  A 
  tall 
  tree, 
  75-160 
  ft. 
  high, 
  much 
  

   branched 
  and 
  spreading 
  when 
  growing 
  in 
  open 
  ground, 
  but 
  often 
  

   with 
  few 
  or 
  no 
  living 
  branches 
  below 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  100 
  ft. 
  when 
  

   growing 
  in 
  dense 
  forests. 
  Leaves 
  clustered 
  in 
  fives, 
  slender, 
  3-4 
  in. 
  

   long, 
  smooth 
  and 
  pale 
  or 
  with 
  a 
  whitish 
  bloom. 
  Cones 
  5-6 
  in. 
  long, 
  

   not 
  stout. 
  The 
  wood 
  is 
  soft, 
  durable, 
  does 
  not 
  readily 
  warp, 
  and 
  is 
  

   therefore 
  very 
  valuable 
  for 
  lumber. 
  In 
  light 
  soil, 
  commonest 
  N. 
  

  

  2. 
  P. 
  Taeda 
  L. 
  LOBLOLLY 
  PINE, 
  OLDFIELD 
  PINE. 
  A 
  large 
  tree 
  ; 
  

   bark 
  very 
  thick 
  and 
  deeply 
  furrowed, 
  becoming 
  flaky 
  with 
  age; 
  twigs 
  

   scaly. 
  Leaves 
  in 
  threes, 
  6-10 
  in. 
  long, 
  slender, 
  very 
  flexible 
  ; 
  sheaths 
  

   1 
  in. 
  long. 
  Cones 
  solitary, 
  oblong-conical, 
  3-5 
  in. 
  long 
  ; 
  scales 
  

   thickened 
  at 
  the 
  apex, 
  the 
  transverse 
  ridge 
  very 
  prominent 
  and 
  

   armed 
  with 
  a 
  short, 
  stout, 
  straight 
  or 
  recurved 
  spine. 
  Common, 
  and 
  

   often 
  springing 
  up 
  in 
  old 
  fields 
  ; 
  trunk 
  containing 
  a 
  large 
  proportion 
  

   of 
  sapwood; 
  timber 
  of 
  little 
  value 
  for 
  outside 
  work.* 
  1 
  

  

  3. 
  P. 
  rigida 
  Mill. 
  NORTHERN 
  PITCH 
  PINE. 
  A 
  stout 
  tree, 
  30-80 
  ft. 
  

   high, 
  with 
  rough, 
  scaly 
  bark. 
  Leaves 
  in 
  threes, 
  3-5 
  in. 
  long, 
  stiff 
  and 
  

   flattened. 
  Cones 
  ovoid-conical, 
  2-3 
  in. 
  long, 
  their 
  scales 
  tipped 
  with 
  

   a 
  short, 
  abruptly 
  curved 
  spine. 
  Wood 
  hard, 
  coarse, 
  and 
  resinous, 
  

   mainly 
  used 
  for 
  fuel. 
  Poor, 
  sandy 
  soil, 
  especially 
  eastward. 
  

  

  1 
  Descriptions 
  followed 
  by 
  an 
  asterisk 
  are 
  taken 
  (more 
  or 
  less 
  simplified) 
  

   from 
  ProfeBsor 
  Tracy's 
  flora 
  in 
  the 
  Southern 
  States 
  Edition 
  

  

  