﻿PINE 
  FAMILY 
  17 
  

  

  3. 
  P. 
  canadensis 
  BSP. 
  WHITE 
  SPRUCE, 
  SKUNK 
  SPRUCE, 
  CAT 
  

   SPRUCE. 
  A 
  tall, 
  rather 
  conical 
  tree, 
  60-70 
  ft. 
  high. 
  Leaves 
  pale 
  and 
  

   with 
  a 
  bloom 
  sometimes 
  | 
  in. 
  long. 
  Cones 
  cylindrical, 
  with 
  rounded 
  

   ends, 
  about 
  2 
  in. 
  long, 
  falling 
  inside 
  of 
  one 
  year. 
  A 
  handsome 
  tree, 
  

   valuable 
  for 
  timber, 
  ranging 
  far 
  northward. 
  

  

  4. 
  P. 
  Abies 
  Karst. 
  NORWAY 
  SPRUCE. 
  A 
  large 
  tree. 
  Leaves 
  dark 
  

   green, 
  f-1 
  in. 
  long. 
  Cones 
  5-7 
  in. 
  long. 
  Cultivated 
  from 
  Europe. 
  

  

  IE. 
  TSUGA 
  Carriers 
  

  

  Sterile 
  flowers, 
  clusters 
  of 
  stamens 
  springing 
  from 
  the 
  axils 
  

   of 
  leaves 
  of 
  the 
  preceding 
  year. 
  Cones 
  terminal, 
  on 
  twigs 
  of 
  

   the 
  preceding 
  year, 
  drooping, 
  thin-scaled, 
  ripening 
  the 
  first 
  

   year. 
  Leaves 
  minutely 
  petioled, 
  short, 
  flat, 
  white 
  beneath, 
  

   2-ranked. 
  

  

  1. 
  T. 
  canadensis 
  Carriere. 
  HEMLOCK. 
  A 
  large 
  tree, 
  in 
  age 
  branch- 
  

   less 
  below 
  when 
  growing 
  in 
  dense 
  woods. 
  When 
  young 
  the 
  spray 
  is 
  

   very 
  graceful 
  and 
  abundant. 
  Leaves 
  short-linear. 
  Cones 
  f 
  in. 
  or 
  

   less 
  in 
  length. 
  The 
  wood 
  is 
  coarse 
  and 
  splintery, 
  but 
  useful 
  for 
  

   fences 
  and 
  other 
  rough 
  work. 
  The 
  thick 
  reddish 
  bark 
  is 
  of 
  great 
  

   value 
  for 
  tanning. 
  

  

  IV. 
  ABIES 
  Hill 
  

  

  Sterile 
  flowers 
  from 
  axils 
  of 
  leaves 
  of 
  the 
  preceding 
  year. 
  

   Cones 
  erect, 
  on 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  branches, 
  with 
  deciduous 
  

   scales, 
  ripening 
  the 
  first 
  year. 
  Leaves 
  scattered, 
  but 
  on 
  hori- 
  

   zontal 
  branches 
  appearing 
  2-ranked, 
  flat 
  above, 
  silvery, 
  and 
  

   with 
  a 
  prominent 
  midrib 
  below. 
  

  

  1. 
  A. 
  balsamea 
  Mill. 
  BALSAM 
  FIR. 
  A 
  slender 
  tree, 
  50-60 
  ft., 
  

   occasionally 
  80 
  ft., 
  high, 
  with 
  dense 
  foliage. 
  Leaves 
  narrowly 
  linear, 
  

   less 
  than 
  1 
  in. 
  long. 
  Cones 
  violet-colored 
  until 
  old, 
  cylindrical, 
  2-4 
  

   in. 
  long. 
  The 
  bark 
  contains 
  many 
  large 
  blisters, 
  filled 
  with 
  the 
  well- 
  

   know 
  Canada 
  balsam. 
  The 
  wood 
  is 
  brittle 
  and 
  of 
  little 
  value. 
  

  

  V. 
  LARIX 
  Mill. 
  

  

  Flower 
  spikes 
  short, 
  opening 
  in 
  early 
  spring, 
  before 
  the 
  

   leaves 
  ; 
  the 
  fertile 
  ones, 
  while 
  still 
  young, 
  of 
  a 
  beautiful 
  crim- 
  

   son 
  color. 
  Fruit 
  a 
  small 
  cone, 
  with 
  thin 
  scales. 
  Leaves 
  none 
  

   of 
  them 
  scaly, 
  but 
  all 
  needle-shaped, 
  soft, 
  deciduous, 
  very 
  

   numerous, 
  in 
  little 
  brush-like 
  bundles. 
  

  

  