﻿WALNUT 
  FAMILY 
  63 
  

  

  1. 
  J. 
  cinerea 
  L. 
  BUTTERNUT. 
  Leaflets 
  15-19, 
  ovate-lanceolate, 
  

   taper-pointed 
  at 
  the 
  apex, 
  rounded 
  or 
  slightly 
  unsymmetrical 
  at 
  the 
  

   base, 
  serrate, 
  downy 
  beneath 
  ; 
  petioles, 
  branchlets, 
  and 
  fruit 
  clothed 
  

   with 
  short, 
  sticky 
  hairs. 
  Fruit 
  often 
  somewhat 
  in 
  clusters, 
  oblong, 
  

   large. 
  More 
  common 
  northward. 
  Wood 
  less 
  valuable 
  and 
  nut 
  less 
  

   oily 
  than 
  the 
  black 
  walnut. 
  The 
  English 
  walnut 
  (J. 
  regia) 
  is 
  

   occasionally 
  seen 
  in 
  cultivation. 
  It 
  has 
  7-11 
  leaflets 
  and 
  a 
  nearly 
  

   smooth 
  nut.* 
  

  

  2. 
  J. 
  nigra 
  L. 
  BLACK 
  WALNUT. 
  Leaflets 
  13-21, 
  ovate-lanceolate, 
  

   serrate, 
  taper-pointed, 
  somewhat 
  cordate 
  or 
  oblique 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  

   nearly 
  smooth 
  above, 
  downy 
  beneath; 
  petioles 
  minutely 
  downy. 
  

   Fruit 
  usually 
  single, 
  roundish, 
  about 
  2 
  in. 
  in 
  diameter. 
  On 
  rich 
  soil, 
  

   rare 
  near 
  the 
  coast. 
  One 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  valuable 
  of 
  our 
  native 
  trees, 
  

   the 
  wood 
  being 
  very 
  durable 
  and 
  highly 
  prized 
  for 
  cabinet 
  work.* 
  

  

  H. 
  CARYA 
  Nutt. 
  (HICORIA) 
  

  

  Leaflets 
  serrate. 
  Staminate 
  catkins 
  usually 
  in 
  threes 
  on 
  a 
  

   common 
  peduncle, 
  or 
  sometimes 
  sessile 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   growth 
  of 
  the 
  season 
  ; 
  calyx 
  2-3-parted 
  ; 
  stamens 
  3-10, 
  fila- 
  

   ments 
  short. 
  Pistillate 
  flowers 
  2-5 
  in 
  terminal 
  clusters 
  ; 
  

   calyx 
  4-parted; 
  petals 
  none; 
  styles 
  2 
  or 
  4, 
  fringed. 
  Fruit 
  

   somewhat 
  globular, 
  husk 
  separating 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  completely 
  

   into 
  4 
  valves 
  ; 
  nut 
  smooth 
  or 
  angled.* 
  

  

  1. 
  C. 
  illinoensis 
  K. 
  Koch. 
  PECAN. 
  A 
  large 
  tree 
  with 
  rough 
  gray 
  

   bark, 
  young 
  twigs 
  and 
  leaves 
  downy, 
  nearly 
  smooth 
  when 
  mature. 
  

   Leaflets 
  11-15, 
  oblong-lanceolate, 
  acuminate, 
  serrate, 
  scythe-shaped. 
  

   Staminate 
  catkins 
  nearly 
  sessile, 
  5-6 
  in. 
  long. 
  Husk 
  of 
  fruit 
  thin 
  ; 
  

   nut 
  oval 
  or 
  oblong, 
  thin-shelled. 
  River 
  bottoms. 
  Rarely 
  native 
  east 
  

   of 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  River, 
  but 
  widely 
  planted 
  for 
  its 
  fruit.* 
  

  

  2. 
  C. 
  ovata 
  K. 
  Koch. 
  SHELLBARK 
  HICKORY. 
  A 
  large 
  tree 
  witl. 
  

   bark 
  scaling 
  off 
  in 
  long 
  plates; 
  young 
  twigs 
  and 
  leaves 
  downy, 
  becom- 
  

   ing 
  smooth 
  with 
  age. 
  Leaflets 
  5, 
  the 
  lower 
  ones 
  oblong-lanceolate, 
  the 
  

   upper 
  one 
  longer 
  and 
  obovate, 
  taper-pointed 
  at 
  the 
  apex, 
  narrowed 
  

   to 
  the 
  sessile 
  base. 
  Inner 
  bud 
  scales 
  becoming 
  large 
  and 
  conspicu- 
  

   ous. 
  Staminate 
  catkins 
  in 
  threes. 
  Fruit 
  globose, 
  husk 
  thick, 
  split- 
  

   ting 
  into 
  four 
  sections 
  ; 
  nut 
  white, 
  compressed, 
  4-angled, 
  pointed, 
  

   thin-shelled. 
  On 
  rich 
  soil 
  ; 
  more 
  common 
  N. 
  Wood 
  strong 
  and 
  

   elastic, 
  but 
  not 
  durable 
  when 
  exposed.* 
  

  

  3. 
  C. 
  laciniosa 
  Loud. 
  BIG 
  SHELLBARK, 
  KING 
  NUT, 
  BULL 
  NUT. 
  A 
  

   tree 
  70-90 
  ft. 
  high, 
  with 
  shaggy 
  bark. 
  Leaflets 
  7 
  or 
  9, 
  the 
  terminal 
  

   one 
  nearly 
  sessile. 
  Fruit 
  large, 
  ovoid 
  or 
  nearly 
  so, 
  4-grooved 
  toward 
  

   the 
  outer 
  end, 
  the 
  husk 
  very 
  thick, 
  nut 
  pointed 
  at 
  each 
  end, 
  1^-2 
  in. 
  

  

  