﻿ROSE 
  FAMILY 
  121 
  

  

  XI. 
  GEUM 
  L. 
  

  

  Erect 
  perennial 
  herbs. 
  Basal 
  leaves 
  crowded, 
  pinnate, 
  with 
  

   a 
  very 
  large 
  terminal 
  leaflet. 
  Flowers 
  and 
  fruit 
  much 
  as 
  in 
  

   Potentilla, 
  but 
  the 
  akenes 
  tailed 
  with 
  the 
  remains 
  of 
  the 
  styles. 
  

  

  B. 
  Fl. 
  species 
  5 
  (Sieversia). 
  

  

  1. 
  G. 
  canadense 
  Jacq. 
  WHITE 
  AVENS. 
  Stem 
  erect, 
  branching 
  

   above, 
  smooth 
  or 
  finely 
  downy, 
  18-24 
  in. 
  high. 
  Basal 
  leaves 
  pin- 
  

   nate, 
  or 
  the 
  earliest 
  simple 
  and 
  rounded, 
  long-petioled, 
  serrate 
  or 
  

   dentate 
  ; 
  terminal 
  lobe 
  larger 
  than 
  the 
  lateral 
  lobes 
  ; 
  stem 
  leaves 
  

   short-petioled, 
  2-5-lobed 
  or 
  -parted. 
  Flowers 
  on 
  slender 
  peduncles. 
  

   Petals 
  white, 
  not 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  sepals. 
  Styles 
  jointed 
  near 
  the 
  

   middle, 
  the 
  lower 
  portion 
  persistent 
  and 
  hooked. 
  Ovaries 
  and 
  recep- 
  

   tacle 
  hairy 
  ; 
  head 
  of 
  fruit 
  globose. 
  Rich 
  woods.* 
  

  

  2. 
  G. 
  virginianum 
  L. 
  Stem 
  2-3 
  ft. 
  high, 
  stout 
  and 
  bristly-hairy. 
  

   Lower 
  leaves 
  and 
  basal 
  leaves 
  pinnate, 
  varying 
  greatly; 
  upper 
  leaves 
  

   mostly 
  of 
  3 
  leaflets 
  or 
  3-parted. 
  Petals 
  white 
  or 
  pale 
  yellow, 
  small, 
  

   shorter 
  than 
  the 
  calyx 
  lobes. 
  Heads 
  of 
  fruit 
  large, 
  on 
  stout, 
  hairy 
  

   peduncles 
  ; 
  the 
  receptacle 
  nearly 
  or 
  quite 
  smooth. 
  Borders 
  of 
  woods 
  

   and 
  damp 
  thickets. 
  

  

  3. 
  G. 
  macrophyllum 
  Willd. 
  LARGE-LEAVED 
  AVENS. 
  Stem 
  stout, 
  

   erect, 
  bristly-hairy, 
  1-3 
  ft. 
  high. 
  Basal 
  leaves 
  lyrate-pinnate, 
  the 
  

   terminal 
  portion 
  much 
  the 
  largest, 
  kidney-shaped 
  or 
  heart-shaped 
  ; 
  

   lateral 
  leaflets 
  3-6, 
  with 
  smaller 
  ones 
  between. 
  Flowers 
  terminal, 
  

   yellow. 
  Style 
  | 
  \ 
  in. 
  long, 
  downy 
  below. 
  In 
  low 
  grounds. 
  

  

  4. 
  G. 
  rivale 
  L. 
  WATER 
  AVENS, 
  PURPLE 
  AVENS, 
  CHOCOLATE 
  

   ROOT. 
  Stem 
  H-2 
  ft. 
  high, 
  somewhat 
  downy 
  or 
  hairy, 
  simple 
  or 
  

   nearly 
  so. 
  Basal 
  leaves 
  lyrate 
  and 
  somewhat 
  pinnate, 
  with 
  the 
  divi- 
  

   sions 
  irregular 
  ; 
  stem 
  leaves 
  few, 
  of 
  3 
  leaflets 
  or 
  3-lobed. 
  Flowers 
  

   rather 
  large. 
  Petals 
  purplish-yellow, 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  brownish-purple 
  

   calyx 
  lobes. 
  Styles 
  long, 
  purplish; 
  stigmas 
  thread-like, 
  feathered 
  

   with 
  soft 
  hairs, 
  especially 
  in 
  fruit. 
  Wet 
  meadows. 
  

  

  5. 
  G. 
  triflorum 
  Pursh. 
  LONG-PLUMED 
  PURPLE 
  AVENS. 
  Softly 
  

   downy, 
  scapes 
  6-18 
  in. 
  high. 
  Basal 
  leaves 
  petioled, 
  tufted, 
  pinnate; 
  

   the 
  larger 
  leaflets 
  obovate 
  or 
  oval, 
  cut-toothed, 
  with 
  many 
  smaller 
  

   ones 
  between. 
  Flowers 
  3-8, 
  light 
  purple. 
  Styles 
  1^-2 
  in. 
  long. 
  In 
  

   dry 
  or 
  rocky 
  soil. 
  

  

  XII. 
  RUBUS 
  L. 
  

  

  Mostly 
  prickly 
  shrubs, 
  producing 
  runners. 
  Leaves 
  alternate, 
  

   simple 
  or 
  compound; 
  stipules 
  united 
  to 
  the 
  petiole. 
  Flowers 
  in 
  

   terminal 
  and 
  axillary 
  clusters, 
  rarely 
  solitary, 
  white 
  (in 
  one 
  

   American 
  species 
  (No. 
  3) 
  purple 
  rose 
  color). 
  Calyx 
  hypogynous, 
  

  

  