﻿162 
  KEY 
  AND 
  FLORA 
  

  

  2. 
  V. 
  cucullata 
  Ait. 
  MARSH 
  BLUE 
  VIOLET. 
  Leaves 
  acute, 
  except 
  

   the 
  earliest 
  ones. 
  Petal-bearing 
  flowers 
  violet 
  blue, 
  with 
  a 
  darker 
  cen- 
  

   ter; 
  peduncles 
  usually 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  leaves, 
  the 
  spur-bearing 
  petal 
  

   smooth. 
  Sepals 
  narrowly 
  lanceolate, 
  with 
  long 
  ear-like 
  appendages. 
  

   Cleistogamous 
  flowers 
  borne 
  on 
  erect 
  or 
  ascending 
  peduncles. 
  Cap- 
  

   sule 
  not 
  much 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  sepals. 
  Wet 
  ground, 
  common. 
  

  

  3. 
  V. 
  papilionacea 
  Pursh. 
  COMMON 
  BLUE 
  VIOLET, 
  DOORYAKD 
  

   VIOLET. 
  Plants 
  usually 
  strong 
  and 
  vigorous 
  from 
  a 
  thick 
  horizontal 
  

   rootstock, 
  usually 
  smooth. 
  Leaves 
  bright 
  green, 
  cordate 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  

   somewhat 
  triangular 
  or 
  rounded 
  and 
  pointed. 
  Scapes 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  

   flowering 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  leaves. 
  Petals 
  dark 
  violet-purple, 
  white 
  or 
  

   greenish-yellow 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  the 
  one 
  with 
  a 
  spur 
  often 
  narrow 
  and 
  

   boat^shaped. 
  Capsules 
  from 
  the 
  cleistogamous 
  flowers 
  borne 
  on 
  hori- 
  

   zontal 
  peduncles 
  and 
  often 
  underground, 
  but 
  rising 
  as 
  they 
  mature. 
  

   Very 
  common 
  about 
  dwellings 
  and 
  gardens. 
  

  

  4. 
  V. 
  palmata 
  L. 
  EARLY 
  BLUE 
  VIOLET. 
  Usually 
  downy. 
  Petioles 
  

   much 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  blades 
  ; 
  leaves, 
  except 
  the 
  earliest 
  ones, 
  cordate- 
  

   ovate, 
  with 
  5-9 
  variously 
  toothed 
  or 
  cleft 
  segments; 
  the 
  petioles 
  and 
  the 
  

   veins 
  of 
  the 
  under 
  surface 
  very 
  hairy. 
  Scapes 
  not 
  usually 
  longer 
  than 
  

   the 
  leaves. 
  Sepals 
  lanceolate, 
  acute 
  or 
  taper-pointed. 
  Petals 
  violet- 
  

   purple, 
  occasionally 
  pale. 
  Capsules 
  from 
  the 
  cleistogamous 
  flowers 
  

   borne 
  on 
  horizontal 
  or 
  deflexed 
  peduncles. 
  In 
  dry, 
  rich 
  woodlands. 
  

  

  5. 
  V. 
  sororia 
  Willd. 
  WOOLLY 
  BLUE 
  VIOLET. 
  In 
  size 
  and 
  appear- 
  

   ance 
  much 
  like 
  No. 
  3. 
  Leaves 
  ascending, 
  mostly 
  ovate 
  or 
  roundish- 
  

   ovate, 
  pointed, 
  cordate 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  crenate, 
  densely 
  soft-hairy 
  wken 
  

   young. 
  Peduncles 
  hairy 
  ; 
  petals 
  varying 
  from 
  violet 
  to 
  lavender. 
  

   Cleistogamous 
  flowers 
  on 
  short 
  prostrate 
  peduncles. 
  Moist 
  meadows 
  

   and 
  rich 
  woods. 
  

  

  6. 
  V. 
  fimbriatula 
  Sm. 
  OVATE-LEAVED 
  VIOLET. 
  Rootstock 
  usu- 
  

   ally 
  erect, 
  at 
  length 
  long 
  and 
  stout. 
  Petioles 
  generally 
  shorter 
  than 
  

   the 
  blades; 
  leaves 
  varying 
  from 
  ovate-lanceolate 
  to 
  oblong, 
  usually 
  

   slightly 
  crenate, 
  truncate 
  or 
  almost 
  cordate 
  at 
  the 
  base. 
  Petals 
  blue, 
  

   bearded. 
  Capsules 
  of 
  the 
  cleistogamous 
  flowers 
  borne 
  on 
  erect 
  

   peduncles. 
  In 
  dry 
  woods. 
  

  

  2. 
  Leaf 
  y-stemmed 
  perennials 
  

  

  7. 
  V. 
  pubescens 
  Ait. 
  DOWNY 
  YELLOW 
  VIOLET. 
  Soft-downy, 
  6-12 
  

   in. 
  high. 
  Basal 
  leaves 
  ovate-kidney-shaped, 
  soon 
  withering; 
  stem 
  

   leaves 
  broadly 
  heart-shaped, 
  toothed, 
  pointed, 
  with 
  large 
  stipules. 
  

   Flowers 
  yellow, 
  somewhat 
  purple-veined, 
  with 
  a 
  short 
  spur. 
  In 
  dry 
  

   woods, 
  common. 
  

  

  8. 
  V. 
  scabriuscula 
  Schwein. 
  SMOOTHISH 
  YELLOW 
  VIOLET. 
  Like 
  

   V. 
  pubescens, 
  but 
  smaller, 
  greener, 
  and 
  less 
  downy. 
  Stems 
  decumbent 
  

   or 
  ascending. 
  Basal 
  leaves 
  broadly 
  ovate, 
  usually 
  persistent 
  through 
  

  

  