﻿228 
  KEY 
  AND 
  FLORA 
  

  

  1. 
  G. 
  Aparine 
  L. 
  GOOSE 
  GRASS. 
  Annual; 
  stem 
  weak, 
  decumbent, 
  

   sharply 
  4-angled 
  and 
  with 
  backward-pointing 
  prickly 
  hairs, 
  widely 
  

   branched, 
  2-4 
  ft. 
  long. 
  Leaves 
  6-8 
  in 
  a 
  whorl, 
  oblanceolate, 
  prickly- 
  

   hairy 
  on 
  the 
  margins 
  and 
  midrib. 
  Peduncles 
  axillary, 
  longer 
  than 
  

   the 
  leaves, 
  1-3-flowered; 
  flowers 
  white. 
  Fruiting 
  pedicels 
  erect; 
  

   fruit 
  dry, 
  covered 
  with 
  hooked 
  bristles. 
  In 
  waste 
  places.* 
  

  

  2. 
  G. 
  circaezans 
  Michx. 
  WILD 
  LICORICE. 
  Perennial; 
  stems 
  sev- 
  

   eral, 
  erect, 
  smooth 
  or 
  downy, 
  12-18 
  in. 
  high. 
  Leaves 
  4 
  in 
  a 
  whorl, 
  

   oval 
  to 
  ovate, 
  obtuse 
  at 
  the 
  apex, 
  strongly 
  3-nerved, 
  downy. 
  Cymes 
  

   long-peduncled, 
  repeatedly 
  branched. 
  Flowers 
  nearly 
  sessile, 
  greenish- 
  

   purple 
  ; 
  pedicels 
  at 
  length 
  recurved. 
  Fruit 
  with 
  hooked 
  bristles. 
  In 
  

   dry, 
  open 
  woods 
  S. 
  Easily 
  recognized 
  by 
  the 
  sweet, 
  licorice-like 
  taste 
  

   of 
  the 
  leaves.* 
  

  

  3. 
  G. 
  boreale 
  L. 
  NORTHERN 
  BEDSTRAW. 
  Perennial; 
  stem 
  smooth, 
  

   erect, 
  1-2 
  ft. 
  high. 
  Leaves 
  in 
  fours, 
  linear-lanceolate, 
  3-nerved. 
  

   Flowers 
  bright 
  white, 
  in 
  compact 
  cymes, 
  grouped 
  in 
  a 
  dense 
  panicle. 
  

   Fruit 
  usually 
  with 
  minute 
  bristles. 
  In 
  rocky 
  soil 
  along 
  banks 
  of 
  

   streams, 
  ('specially 
  N. 
  

  

  4. 
  G. 
  concinnum 
  T. 
  & 
  G. 
  SHINING 
  BEDSTRAW. 
  Stems 
  slender, 
  

   smooth, 
  shining, 
  commonly 
  much 
  branched, 
  6-12 
  in. 
  high, 
  often 
  

   with 
  the 
  angles 
  minutely 
  roughened. 
  Leaves 
  usually 
  in 
  sixes, 
  linear 
  

   or 
  nearly 
  so, 
  often 
  slightly 
  cuspidate. 
  Flowers 
  small, 
  white, 
  in 
  open 
  

   cymes. 
  Fruit 
  small, 
  smooth. 
  Dry 
  hills 
  and 
  woodlands. 
  

  

  5. 
  G. 
  asprellum 
  Michx. 
  ROUGH 
  BEDSTRAW. 
  Perennial; 
  stem 
  

   branching, 
  weak, 
  3-5 
  ft. 
  long, 
  often 
  reclining 
  on 
  bushes, 
  with 
  many 
  

   hooked 
  prickles 
  directed 
  backwards. 
  Leaves 
  usually 
  in 
  sixes, 
  or 
  on 
  the 
  

   brandies 
  in 
  fours 
  or 
  fives, 
  narrowly 
  oval 
  to 
  lanceolate 
  or 
  oblanceolate, 
  

   cuspidate, 
  with 
  midribs 
  and 
  margins 
  almost 
  prickly. 
  Flowers 
  white, 
  

   in 
  several-many-flowered 
  cymes. 
  Fruit 
  smooth. 
  In 
  rich, 
  moist 
  soil. 
  

  

  6. 
  G. 
  triflorum 
  Michx. 
  Perennial 
  ; 
  stems 
  reclining 
  or 
  prostrate, 
  

   angles 
  rough-bristly. 
  Leaves 
  mostly 
  in 
  sixes, 
  lance-oblong, 
  mucro- 
  

   nate. 
  Flowers 
  usually 
  in 
  threes, 
  on 
  slender 
  peduncles. 
  Woodlands, 
  

   especially 
  N. 
  

  

  7. 
  G. 
  hispidulum 
  Michx. 
  BEDSTRAW. 
  Perennial, 
  from 
  yellow 
  

   roots 
  ; 
  stems 
  diffusely 
  branched, 
  smooth 
  or 
  slightly 
  roughened, 
  

   downy 
  at 
  the 
  joints, 
  erect 
  or 
  decumbent, 
  1-2 
  ft. 
  long. 
  Leaves 
  4 
  in 
  

   a 
  whorl, 
  narrowly 
  oval, 
  acute, 
  rough 
  on 
  the 
  margins 
  and 
  mid-vein. 
  

   Peduncles 
  1-3-flowered; 
  flowers 
  white; 
  pedicels 
  becoming 
  reflexed. 
  

   Fruit 
  a 
  bluish-black, 
  roughened 
  berry. 
  On 
  dry, 
  sandy 
  soil.* 
  

  

  H. 
  MITCHELLA 
  L. 
  

  

  A 
  pretty, 
  trailing, 
  evergreen 
  herb. 
  Leaves 
  roundish-ovate, 
  

   petioled. 
  Flowers 
  fragrant, 
  white 
  or 
  pinkish, 
  dimorphous, 
  

  

  