﻿FLOWERS 
  

  

  131 
  

  

  consisting 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  carpel 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  simple, 
  and 
  one 
  of 
  

   several 
  carpels, 
  compound. 
  The 
  fact 
  that 
  a 
  pistil 
  consisting 
  

   of 
  several 
  joined 
  carpels 
  is 
  really 
  compound 
  is 
  

   generally 
  evident 
  from 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  several 
  

   chambers, 
  or 
  locules, 
  in 
  the 
  ovary 
  (fig. 
  113, 
  A), 
  

   from 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  several 
  ovule-bearing 
  

   areas 
  (fig. 
  113, 
  .Z?), 
  or 
  from 
  the 
  forked 
  divisions 
  

   of 
  the 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  pistil 
  (fig. 
  112). 
  

   Besides 
  the 
  ovary 
  a 
  pistil 
  often 
  has 
  a 
  stalk 
  

   known 
  as 
  the 
  style, 
  and 
  (in 
  all 
  but 
  the 
  lowest 
  

  

  style 
  

  

  ovary 
  

  

  -o 
  

  

  FIG. 
  113. 
  Three 
  modes 
  of 
  bearing 
  ovules 
  

   FIG 
  112 
  A 
  pistil 
  ^4, 
  ovary 
  three-loculed, 
  with 
  the 
  ovules, 
  o, 
  borne 
  on 
  the 
  

  

  with 
  the 
  ovary 
  cut 
  axis 
  (central 
  placenta) 
  formed 
  hy 
  the 
  united 
  partitions 
  ; 
  

  

  B. 
  ovary 
  one-loculed, 
  ovules, 
  o, 
  borne 
  on 
  the 
  ovary 
  wall 
  

   through 
  lengthwise 
  

  

  along 
  three 
  placentas 
  ; 
  C, 
  ovary 
  one-loculed, 
  ovules, 
  o, 
  

  

  stig, 
  the 
  stigma 
  borne 
  on 
  a 
  free 
  central 
  placenta. 
  After 
  Behrens 
  

  

  seed 
  plants) 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  pollen-receiving 
  portion 
  called 
  the 
  

  

  stigma. 
  The 
  relation 
  of 
  these 
  parts 
  is 
  easily 
  understood 
  from 
  

  

  an 
  inspection 
  of 
  figure 
  112. 
  

  

  Often 
  (fig. 
  114, 
  B~) 
  the 
  style 
  

  

  is 
  lacking 
  and 
  the 
  stigmas 
  

  

  are 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  summit 
  or 
  

  

  on 
  the 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  ovary. 
  In 
  

  

  this 
  case 
  the 
  stigmas 
  are 
  said 
  

  

  to 
  be 
  sessile. 
  

  

  122. 
  Relation 
  of 
  the 
  ovary 
  

   to 
  surrounding 
  organs. 
  In 
  the 
  

   simplest 
  type 
  of 
  flower 
  having 
  

   all 
  four 
  kinds 
  of 
  floral 
  organs 
  

   (fig. 
  102) 
  the 
  receptacle 
  bears 
  

   the 
  ovary 
  or 
  ovaries 
  at 
  or 
  near 
  

  

  FIG. 
  114. 
  A, 
  perigynous 
  flower 
  of 
  buck- 
  

   thorn 
  ; 
  B, 
  epigynous 
  flower 
  of 
  English 
  

   ivy 
  both 
  lengthwise 
  sections 
  

  

  cal, 
  calyx 
  : 
  pet, 
  petals. 
  Note 
  the 
  curious 
  

  

  hood-like 
  petals 
  of 
  the 
  buckthorn, 
  each 
  

  

  inclosing 
  an 
  anther. 
  A, 
  after 
  Berg 
  and 
  

  

  Schmidt 
  ; 
  B, 
  after 
  Wossidlo 
  

  

  