﻿INTRODUCTION 
  TO 
  BOTANY 
  

  

  its 
  apex. 
  The 
  other 
  organs 
  are 
  borne 
  in 
  successive 
  cycles 
  

   farther 
  and 
  farther 
  away 
  from 
  the 
  tip 
  of 
  the 
  receptacle. 
  But 
  

   in 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  highly 
  specialized 
  kinds 
  of 
  flowers 
  the 
  

   receptacle, 
  as 
  previously 
  stated, 
  bears 
  ;i 
  sort 
  of 
  tubular 
  or 
  enp- 
  

   like 
  extension, 
  on 
  the 
  rim 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  petals 
  and 
  the 
  stamens 
  

   are 
  so 
  borne 
  as 
  to 
  surround 
  the 
  ovary 
  (fig. 
  114, 
  .4); 
  or 
  the 
  

   extension 
  of 
  the 
  receptacle 
  may 
  rise 
  to 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  ovary, 
  

  

  so 
  that 
  the 
  petals 
  

   (if 
  present) 
  and 
  the 
  

   stamens 
  appear 
  to 
  

   grow 
  out 
  of 
  its 
  top 
  

   surface 
  (tig. 
  114, 
  !>}. 
  

   When 
  the 
  ovary 
  

   stands 
  wholly 
  above 
  

   the 
  surrounding 
  

   floral 
  whorls, 
  it 
  is 
  

   said 
  to 
  be 
  suj>i-r/'/\ 
  

   or 
  the 
  flower 
  is 
  

   Tiypogynous 
  (mean- 
  

   ing 
  "under 
  the 
  

   L-p' 
  ovary"). 
  When 
  the 
  

  

  ovary 
  is 
  encircled 
  

   by 
  the 
  other 
  floral 
  

   whorls, 
  it 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  

   be 
  half-inferior^ 
  or 
  

   the 
  flower 
  is 
  i-ric/y- 
  

   n 
  mis 
  ("around 
  the 
  

  

  ovary 
  "). 
  When 
  the 
  petals 
  and 
  stamens 
  appear 
  to 
  spring 
  from 
  

   the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  ovary, 
  it 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  inferior, 
  or 
  the 
  flower 
  is 
  

   'IH'/iimm* 
  ("upon 
  the 
  ovary"), 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  evening 
  primrose, 
  

   (fig. 
  115V 
  

  

  123. 
  Floral 
  diagrams. 
  Lengthwise 
  sections 
  of 
  the 
  flower 
  may 
  

  

  be 
  represented 
  by 
  simple 
  diagrams 
  like, 
  that 
  of 
  figure 
  102, 
  B. 
  

  

  These 
  are 
  convenient 
  to 
  show 
  the 
  relation 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  whorls 
  

  

  to 
  the 
  pistil. 
  Cross 
  sections 
  like 
  those 
  of 
  figure 
  116 
  show 
  the 
  

  

  1 
  The 
  suffix 
  gynous 
  refers 
  to 
  the 
  ovary 
  only 
  by 
  a 
  fanciful 
  figure 
  of 
  speech. 
  

  

  ! 
  

  

  m 
  

  

  Fi<;. 
  115. 
  Fli>\yiT 
  duster 
  of 
  evening 
  primrose 
  

  

  