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  INTRODUCTION 
  TO 
  BOTANY 
  

  

  PROBLEMS 
  

  

  1. 
  Show 
  how 
  widely 
  the 
  botanist's 
  use 
  of 
  the 
  term/rw?V 
  differs 
  from 
  

   that 
  of 
  people 
  who 
  are 
  not 
  botanists. 
  Make 
  out 
  a 
  list 
  of 
  some 
  common 
  

   articles 
  of 
  food 
  that 
  are 
  properly 
  classed 
  as 
  fruits 
  though 
  not 
  sold 
  under 
  

   that 
  name. 
  

  

  2. 
  Show 
  that 
  many 
  young 
  seedlings 
  live 
  on 
  the 
  same 
  kind 
  of 
  vege- 
  

   table 
  food 
  that 
  human 
  beings 
  eat. 
  Is 
  this 
  true 
  of 
  a 
  very 
  young 
  date 
  

   palm 
  ? 
  

  

  3. 
  How 
  would 
  yon 
  perform 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  experiments 
  to 
  discover 
  the 
  

   optimum 
  temperature 
  for 
  germination 
  of 
  the 
  seeds 
  of 
  agricultural 
  

   plants? 
  What 
  precautions 
  would 
  you 
  need 
  to 
  take? 
  

  

  4. 
  If 
  the 
  prices 
  of 
  very 
  low-grade 
  red-clover 
  seed 
  and 
  of 
  high-grade 
  

   seed 
  are 
  respectively 
  $5.20 
  and 
  $15.0(1 
  per 
  bushel, 
  but 
  only 
  IS 
  per 
  cent 
  

   of 
  the 
  poor 
  seed 
  germinates, 
  while 
  96 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  the 
  good 
  seed 
  germi- 
  

   nates, 
  which 
  is 
  more 
  expensive 
  to 
  use 
  ? 
  If 
  the 
  poorer 
  seed 
  contained 
  

   26 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  weed 
  seeds 
  and 
  the 
  better 
  quality 
  was 
  practically 
  pun-. 
  

   how 
  would 
  this 
  affect 
  the 
  i|iies1i(in 
  as 
  to 
  which 
  kind 
  is 
  more 
  economi- 
  

   cal? 
  Get 
  some 
  clover 
  seed 
  and 
  test 
  it 
  to 
  see 
  what 
  percentage 
  of 
  it 
  will 
  

   grow. 
  

  

  5. 
  State 
  some 
  reasons 
  why 
  better 
  results 
  are 
  obtained 
  by 
  sowing 
  

  

  large, 
  plump 
  s 
  Is 
  of 
  any 
  kind 
  of 
  grain 
  or 
  other 
  annual 
  plant 
  than 
  by 
  

  

  using 
  small, 
  shrunken 
  seeds. 
  

  

  6. 
  A 
  pound 
  of 
  red-clover 
  seed 
  contains 
  about 
  300,000 
  seeds. 
  Fre- 
  

   quently 
  15 
  pounds 
  to 
  the 
  acre 
  (43,560 
  sq. 
  ft.) 
  are 
  sown. 
  How 
  many 
  

   plants 
  to 
  the 
  square 
  foot 
  might 
  such 
  a 
  sowing 
  produce? 
  Does 
  this 
  

   number 
  seem 
  too 
  large 
  or 
  too 
  small 
  properly 
  to 
  cover 
  the 
  ground? 
  Is 
  

   it, 
  then, 
  a 
  waste 
  of 
  seed 
  to 
  sow 
  15 
  pounds 
  per 
  acre? 
  Explain. 
  

  

  7. 
  How 
  long 
  would 
  most 
  useful 
  plants 
  of 
  the 
  farm 
  and 
  garden 
  main- 
  

   tain 
  themselves 
  if 
  left 
  to 
  grow 
  unaided 
  among 
  their 
  wild 
  competitors? 
  

   What 
  instances 
  of 
  this 
  have 
  you 
  ever 
  seen 
  'i 
  

  

  8. 
  What 
  are 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  plants 
  which 
  first 
  spring 
  up 
  where 
  a 
  piece 
  

   of 
  woodland 
  has 
  been 
  cleared 
  and 
  the 
  clearing 
  burned 
  over? 
  Explain 
  

   why 
  these 
  plants 
  are 
  among 
  the 
  first 
  to 
  establish 
  themselves 
  in 
  such 
  

   places. 
  

  

  9. 
  Why 
  are 
  uncommon 
  kinds 
  of 
  plants 
  often 
  found 
  near 
  wool- 
  

   cleansing 
  establishments? 
  

  

  