﻿PLANT 
  BREEDING 
  

  

  183 
  

  

  FIG. 
  157. 
  Kernels 
  of 
  corn 
  with 
  high 
  and 
  with 
  

   low 
  percentage 
  of 
  proteins 
  

  

  A, 
  high 
  proteins, 
  B, 
  low 
  proteins 
  ; 
  p, 
  horny 
  layer, 
  

   consisting 
  largely 
  of 
  proteins; 
  s, 
  white 
  starchy 
  

  

  portion; 
  e, 
  embryo. 
  After 
  Bulletin 
  87, 
  Univer- 
  

  

  .. 
  . 
  T11 
  . 
  . 
  ,, 
  , 
  -m 
  L 
  ox 
  j. 
  

  

  sity 
  of 
  Illinois 
  Agricultural 
  Experiment 
  Station 
  

  

  oil 
  Can 
  

  

  Greatly 
  increased 
  care 
  in 
  its 
  selection 
  would 
  probably 
  at 
  once 
  

  

  add 
  more 
  than 
  $100,000,000 
  to 
  the 
  annual 
  value 
  of 
  our 
  corn 
  

  

  crop. 
  The 
  structure 
  

   of 
  the 
  grain 
  of 
  corn, 
  

   as 
  shown 
  by 
  the 
  dia- 
  

   grams 
  in 
  figures 
  157 
  

   and 
  158, 
  is 
  such 
  that 
  

   the 
  relative 
  amounts 
  

   3, 
  starch, 
  and 
  

   be 
  roughly 
  

   by 
  a 
  me- 
  

   chanical 
  examination 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  grain. 
  This 
  most 
  important 
  fact 
  was 
  discovered 
  by 
  

  

  Professor 
  C. 
  G. 
  Hopkins, 
  of 
  the 
  University 
  of 
  Illinois. 
  The 
  

  

  proteins 
  are 
  very 
  largely 
  stored 
  in 
  the 
  horn-like 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  endosperm 
  (fig. 
  157, 
  

  

  >), 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  embryo; 
  

  

  the 
  starch 
  is 
  mainly 
  

  

  found 
  in 
  the 
  white, 
  

  

  floury 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  en- 
  

   dosperm 
  (s) 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  

  

  oil 
  is 
  nearly 
  all 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  embryo 
  (e). 
  If 
  seed 
  

  

  corn 
  is 
  chosen 
  from 
  

  

  ears 
  with 
  kernels 
  in 
  

  

  which 
  the 
  horn-like 
  

  

  portion 
  is 
  highly 
  devel- 
  

   oped, 
  the 
  result 
  will 
  

  

  be 
  a 
  crop 
  with 
  a 
  large 
  

  

  percentage 
  of 
  proteins 
  ; 
  

  

  seed 
  corn 
  with 
  large 
  

  

  embryos 
  will 
  yield 
  a 
  

  

  crop 
  rich 
  in 
  oil, 
  and 
  

  

  seed 
  corn 
  with 
  small 
  

  

  embryos 
  a 
  crop 
  poor 
  

  

  in 
  oil. 
  

  

  FIG. 
  158. 
  Kernels 
  of 
  corn 
  with 
  high 
  and 
  with 
  

   low 
  percentage 
  of 
  oil 
  

  

  A,Ai, 
  cross 
  section 
  and 
  face 
  view 
  of 
  high-oil 
  

   kernels; 
  B,B 
  lt 
  cross 
  section 
  and 
  face 
  view 
  of 
  

   low-oil 
  kernels 
  ; 
  e, 
  embryo. 
  Most 
  of 
  the 
  oil 
  (as 
  well 
  

   as 
  a 
  good 
  deal 
  of 
  the 
  proteins) 
  is 
  contained 
  in 
  the 
  

   embryo, 
  so 
  that 
  an 
  embryo 
  large 
  in 
  proportion 
  to 
  

   the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  kernel 
  means 
  a 
  high 
  percentage 
  

   of 
  oil 
  in 
  the 
  grain. 
  After 
  Bulletin 
  87, 
  Univer- 
  

   sity 
  of 
  Illinois 
  Agricultural 
  Experiment 
  Station 
  

  

  