﻿CLASS 
  I. 
  GYMNOSPERMS 
  

  

  Plants 
  destitute 
  of 
  a 
  closed 
  ovary, 
  style, 
  or 
  stigma. 
  Ovules 
  

   generally 
  borne 
  naked 
  on 
  a 
  carpellary 
  scale, 
  which 
  forms 
  part 
  

   of 
  a 
  cone. 
  Cotyledons 
  often 
  several 
  (Fig. 
  1). 
  

  

  1. 
  PINACEJE. 
  PINE 
  FAMILY 
  

  

  Trees 
  or 
  shrubs 
  with 
  wood 
  destitute 
  of 
  ducts, 
  with 
  resinous 
  

   and 
  aromatic 
  juice. 
  Leaves 
  generally 
  evergreen, 
  and 
  needle- 
  

   shaped 
  or 
  awl-shaped 
  Flowers 
  destitute 
  of 
  floral 
  envelopes, 
  

   monoecious 
  or 
  dioecious, 
  the 
  staminate 
  ones 
  consisting 
  of 
  

   catkin-like 
  spikes 
  of 
  stamens 
  and 
  the 
  pistillate 
  ones 
  consist- 
  

   ing 
  of 
  ovule-bearing 
  scales, 
  arranged 
  in 
  spikes, 
  which 
  ripen 
  

   into 
  cones. 
  

  

  A 
  

  

  Each 
  scale 
  of 
  the 
  cone 
  borne 
  in 
  the 
  axil 
  of 
  a 
  bract. 
  Seeds 
  2, 
  with 
  wings. 
  

   Leaves 
  evergreen, 
  in 
  bundles 
  of 
  2-5. 
  Pinus, 
  I 
  

  

  Leaves 
  evergreen, 
  solitary, 
  sessile, 
  keeled 
  on 
  both 
  surfaces. 
  

  

  Picea, 
  II 
  

  

  Leaves 
  evergreen, 
  solitary, 
  petioled, 
  flat. 
  Tsuga, 
  III 
  

  

  Leaves 
  solitary, 
  evergreen, 
  flat 
  above, 
  keeled 
  below. 
  Abies, 
  IV 
  

   Leaves 
  clustered, 
  deciduous, 
  flat. 
  Larix, 
  V 
  

  

  B 
  

  

  Scales 
  of 
  the 
  cone 
  without 
  bracts, 
  cone 
  becoming 
  globular 
  and 
  woody. 
  

   Leaves 
  linear. 
  

  

  Leaves 
  alternate, 
  deciduous. 
  Taxodium, 
  VI 
  

  

  13 
  

  

  