﻿HOLLY 
  FAMILY 
  149 
  

  

  4. 
  R. 
  Toxicodendron 
  L. 
  POISON 
  VINE, 
  POISON 
  IVY, 
  MERCURY, 
  

   BLACK 
  MERCURY. 
  Stem 
  a 
  woody 
  vine 
  climbing 
  high 
  by 
  aerial 
  root- 
  

   lets, 
  or 
  sometimes 
  short 
  and 
  erect. 
  Leaves 
  petioled, 
  of 
  3 
  leaflets, 
  

   downy 
  ; 
  leaflets 
  ovate 
  or 
  oval, 
  taper-pointed, 
  entire 
  or 
  somewhat 
  

   dentate, 
  often 
  angled 
  or 
  lobed. 
  Flowers 
  dioecious, 
  in 
  loose 
  axillary 
  

   panicles. 
  Fruit 
  nearly 
  white, 
  smooth. 
  Common 
  in 
  open 
  woods 
  and 
  

   along 
  fences. 
  Plant 
  poisonous 
  to 
  the 
  touch.* 
  

  

  56. 
  AQUIFOLIACEJE. 
  HOLLY 
  FAMILY 
  

  

  Trees 
  or 
  shrubs. 
  Leaves 
  simple, 
  alternate, 
  petioled 
  ; 
  stip- 
  

   ules 
  small 
  or 
  wanting. 
  Flowers 
  small, 
  greenish, 
  clustered 
  or 
  

   solitary 
  in 
  the 
  axils, 
  usually 
  dio3cious. 
  Calyx 
  4-9-parted. 
  

   Petals 
  4-9, 
  somewhat 
  united 
  at 
  the 
  base. 
  Stamens 
  inserted 
  

   in 
  the 
  tube 
  of 
  the 
  corolla 
  and 
  alternate 
  with 
  its 
  lobes. 
  Ovary 
  

   free, 
  4-9-celled, 
  with 
  a 
  single 
  ovule 
  in 
  each 
  cell. 
  Fruit 
  a 
  

   berry-like 
  drupe, 
  4-9-seeded.* 
  

  

  ILEX 
  L. 
  

  

  Small 
  trees 
  or 
  shrubs. 
  Leaves 
  usually 
  leathery, 
  often 
  per- 
  

   sistent 
  and 
  evergreen; 
  stipules 
  minute. 
  Flowers 
  axillary, 
  

   4-9-parted, 
  the 
  fertile 
  often 
  solitary 
  and 
  the 
  staminate 
  clus- 
  

   tered. 
  Fruit 
  a 
  drupe 
  with 
  4-9 
  nutlets.* 
  

  

  1. 
  I. 
  opaca 
  Ait. 
  HOLLY. 
  Trees 
  with 
  smooth, 
  light-colored 
  bark, 
  

   and 
  hard, 
  very 
  white 
  wood 
  ; 
  young 
  twigs 
  downy. 
  Leaves 
  leath- 
  

   ery, 
  oval 
  or 
  ovate, 
  margin 
  prickly-toothed, 
  dark 
  green 
  and 
  shining 
  

   above, 
  paler 
  and 
  sometimes 
  slightly 
  downy 
  beneath. 
  Peduncles 
  short, 
  

   bracted. 
  Flowers 
  4-parted; 
  staminate 
  flowers 
  in 
  small 
  cymes, 
  the 
  

   pistillate 
  ones 
  usually 
  solitary. 
  Fruit 
  bright 
  red. 
  Damp, 
  sandy 
  soil 
  

   E. 
  and 
  S.* 
  

  

  2. 
  I. 
  decidua 
  Walt. 
  DECIDUOUS 
  HOLLY. 
  Small 
  trees; 
  twigs 
  smooth. 
  

   Leaves 
  thin, 
  obovate, 
  obtuse 
  or 
  sometimes 
  acute 
  at 
  the 
  apex, 
  scal- 
  

   loped, 
  smooth, 
  deciduous. 
  Flowers 
  in 
  sessile 
  clusters, 
  4-G-parted. 
  

   Fruits 
  very 
  numerous, 
  bright 
  red. 
  On 
  low 
  ground 
  S.* 
  

  

  3. 
  I. 
  verticillata 
  Gray. 
  BLACK 
  ALDEH, 
  WINTEICBERRY. 
  A 
  much- 
  

   branched 
  shrub 
  6-8 
  ft. 
  high. 
  Leaves 
  thin, 
  oval 
  or 
  obovate, 
  taper- 
  

   pointed, 
  serrate, 
  1A-2 
  in. 
  long. 
  Flowers 
  greenish-white, 
  on 
  very 
  

   short 
  peduncles. 
  Fruit 
  bright 
  red, 
  1, 
  2, 
  or 
  3 
  in 
  a 
  leaf 
  axil, 
  remain- 
  

   ing 
  long 
  after 
  the 
  leaves 
  have 
  fallen. 
  Swampy 
  ground 
  and 
  damp 
  

   woods 
  and 
  thickets. 
  

  

  