Substitution of 

 RAW MATERIALS PAPER 



In the present article no attempt will be made to 

 trace the actual economic phase which is arising as 

 a result of the indiscriminate submarine campaign. 

 The pinch is being felt, no doubt, in various directions, 

 but as yet we are far from the point at which we shall 

 be compelled to use our best ingenuity and skill in 

 the provision of substitutes. Even such shortage as 

 exists is partly masked by our as yet unexhausted 

 capacity to economize or do without an elasticity to 

 be accounted for as a lucky if undeserved legacy from 

 extravagant pre-war habits. 



No one outside official life, who has not lived since 

 the war in enemy territory, or at least in one of the 

 hard-hit Scandinavian neutral countries, can have 

 any real conception of what has been done, or what 

 can be done, to meet shortage on the grand scale. 

 Government has never encouraged the diffusion of 

 accurate information on this subject, nor has the 

 public at large insisted on having it. Except in very 

 restricted fields little has been done to explore the 

 possibilities of substitutes. The national effort has 

 taken another form, that of destroying submarines 

 and providing tonnage. Substitutes are not impro- 

 vised in a day, and this lack of foresight is to be 

 deplored on various grounds. 



The object of this chapter is by using the existing 

 shortage in certain raw materials to illustrate the 



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