128 INJUEY, RECOVERY, AND DEATH 



plants in mixtures having almost the same composition 

 as the solutions given in the table. 



In another method 6 of measuring antagonism we may 

 look at the matter from the following standpoint. A cer- 

 tain amount of growth occurs in distilled water as shown 

 in Fig. 50; when salts are added to distilled water the 



GROWTH 



t- 



G 



PIG. 50. Curve showing antagonism between two salts, A and B. The additive effect is 

 GH. Antagonism at the ordinate / may be expressed ae 100 X FH+GH; the opposite of 

 antagonism ae 100 X EH +GH. The dotted line represents growth in distilled water. The 

 abscissae represent the molecular concentrations of the salts. 



growth is lessened. The lessening of growth due to the 

 action of the salts where no antagonism (or its opposite) 

 occurs is regarded as the additive effect. When the salts 

 are antagonistic growth is less hindered. The additive 

 effect is then GH; the antagonism is FH and may be 

 expressed as 100 X FH -~ GH. The opposite of antagon- 

 ism is 100 X EH-+-GH. 



e C/. Osterhout (1918, A). 



