168 INJURY, RECOVERY, AND DEATH 



Under the conditions of the experiment (temperature 

 192C.) the rise lasted about an hour. The effect is 

 comparable with that of anesthetics 38 (ether, chloroform, 

 and alcohol) as described by the writer. An increase 

 in resistance was also observed with Ulva rigida and with 

 Rhodymenia palmata. 



In the experiments on antagonism the tissue was 

 placed in a solution of NaCl 0.52 M to which various 

 amounts of Na-taurocholate were added (all the solu- 

 tions having the same conductivity as the sea water 

 and being approximately neutral to litmus). The tem- 

 perature was 18.52.5C. 



The results are shown in Fig. 72. There is a gradual 

 fall of resistance in all the solutions which continues 

 until the death point (10%) is reached. In the solution 

 containing 1,000 c.c. of NaCl 0.52 M + 0.52 gm. of Na- 

 taurocholate the fall of resistance is much slower, indi- 

 cating that this is the most favorable mixture. 



It should be emphasized that the effect is not an 

 intermediate but an antagonistic one. By this is meant 

 that the resistance is not merely the algebraic mean 

 between a rise in resistance produced by the bile salt and 

 a fall produced by NaCl. A consideration of the lowest 

 curve shows that at 180 minutes the tissue is dead in 

 NaCl 0.52 M as well as in 1,000 c.c. of NaCl 0.52 M + 10 

 gm. of Na-taurocholate, but in the mixture containing 

 only 0.5 gm. of taurocholate it is not yet half dead, its 

 resistance being much higher than in the other mixtures. 89 



The result serves as a striking confirmation of the 

 idea that antagonistic relations can be predicted, to a 

 considerable extent at least, by ascertaining the effect 



38 See Chapter V. 



88 At the end of 180 minutes the resistance of the control in sea water 



was 



