346 COMPOSITE. Actinella. 



^ 2. HYMTENOXYS. Involucre double or of two distinct series of coriaceous or 

 rigid erect bracts, the outer more commonly connate at base : leafy-stemmed 

 herbs; ours all with ray-flowers. Gray, PI. Feudl. 101, & Proc. Am. Acad. 

 xiii. 373, & xix. 32. Ifymaioxys, Cass. Diet. Iv. 278 (founded on a rayless 

 South Amer. species; DC. Prodr v. 6G1 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 415. 



* Simple-stemmed and monocephalous or nearly so, perennial: pappus-palese elongated and 

 pointed. 



A. Bigelovii, GRAY. Habit of A. leptochida, loosely woolly, tardily glabrate : stems strict 

 and slender, 6 to 15 inches high from an apparently multicipital candex, terminated by a 

 single long-pedunculate head, rarely with one or two branches : leaves all very narrowly 

 linear, rigid, not perceptibly punctate, some of them with a pair of subulate lobes, the others 

 quite entire : head half-inch high: involucre hemispherical; its bracts all lanceolate, acute, 

 coriaceous, about 12 in each series, distinct ; those of the inner a little longer, scarious- 

 margined, and attenuate-cuspidate : rays about 12, half-inch long: receptacle obtusely low- 

 conical : palere of the pappus about 10, subulate-lanceolate, nearly equalling disk-corolla, with 

 more or less evident costa, gradually attenuate into an aristiform cusp. PI. Wright, ii. 97, 

 & Bot. Mex. Bound. 99. Pine forests in the mountains of New Mexico, Bigeloiv, Neicberry, 

 Palmer, Greene. 



* * Stems brandling above and bearing numerous or several heads. 

 4 Most of the leaves entire, some 3-cleft : pappus of about 5 broad and truncate palere. 



A. Rusbyi, GRAY. Green and glabrous or nearly so : stems a foot or more high from a 

 lignescent perhaps biennial root, strict, fastigiately branched at summit into a cyme of many 

 small (3 lines high) heads: leaves rigid, linear; upper cauliue all entire; lower and the 

 long and narrow radical ones some entire, some 3-cleft : outer involucre shorter than inner, 

 of 7 or 8 thickish subulate-lanceolate coriaceous bracts, connate only at very base : ligules 

 2 or 3 lines long, quadrate : palcre of the pappus rather firm, quadrate or broadly cuneate 

 and truncate, without costa, not surpassing the proper tube of the disk-corolla. Proc. Am. 

 Acad. xix. 33. Grassy slopes of the Mogollon Mountains, New Mexico, Rushy. 



4 -1 Leaves all or mostly 1 3-ternately parted. 



w- Paleaj of the pappus oblong or roundish, pointless, mostly thin and hyaline: heads rather large: 

 outer involucre more or less cupulate: rays laciniate at apex: root apparently perennial. 



A. Vaseyi, GEAY. Nearly glabrous, a foot high : leaves once or twice 3 parted into linear 

 lobes : heads rather numerous and fastigiately evmose : involucre narrowly campanulate, 

 4 lines high; outer nearly equalling the inner, united high up into a 7-9-toothed cup : palete 

 of the pappus oblong or broadly lanceolate, more or less obtuse, about half the length of the 

 disk-corolla. Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 219, xix. 33. Organ Mountains, New Mexico, G. R. 

 Vasey. 



A. Cooperi, GRAY. Puberulent, 2 feet or more high, paniculately branched above and with 

 more scattered heads : lower leaves twice ternately or quiuately and the upper simply 3-5- 

 nately parted into (mostly inch long) nearly filiform lobes of hardly more width than the 

 rhachis : involucre almost hemispherical; outer of 6 to 10 bracts which are united only 

 toward the base : paleas of the pappus ovate or quadrate-oblong, with very obtuse erose sum- 

 mit, not half the length of the disk-corolla. Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 394, xix. 33. 



H- -H- Pales of the pappus ovate to lanceolate, attenuate into a slender point or awn, fully half 

 the length of disk- corolla. 



A. biennis, GRAY. Mostly stout and a foot or more high from a tap root, probably never 

 more than biennial, cincreor.s-puberulent, sometimes more hoary, sometimes green and gla- 

 brate : leaves simply 3-5-parted into narrow linear lobes : heads loosely cymose, hemi- 

 spherical : involucre about 4 lines high; bracts of its outer series 12 to 14, plane or barely 

 carinate-thickened at base, nearly distinct : rays about as many, half to full inch long when 

 well developed, narrowly cuneate : palcse of the pappus ovate-lanceolate, from acuminate to 

 cuspidate. Proc. Am. Acad. xiii. 373; also part of A. Richardsonii, Bot. Calif, i. 394, &c. 

 A. Richardsonii, var. cancsccns, Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 175, a hoary and dwarf form. Arid 

 mountain districts of Utah, Nevada, and on the borders of California and Arizona, \Vatson. 

 Ward, Lemmon, Palmer, &c. 





